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Below is a table summarizing allozyme variation in two populations of big hairy

ID: 140459 • Letter: B

Question

Below is a table summarizing allozyme variation in two populations of big hairy monsters. A total of 120 individuals were sampled in each of the two populations, the genotypes and number of individuals of each genotype are indicated in the table. Calculate the average level of heterozygosity observed in each population and contrast these populations in terms of high and low levels of genetic variation. Allozyme Loci Adh SS:96 SF:22 FF:2 Gpdh mo N-120 Xdh SS: 120SS: 3 SF: 0 FF: 0 Aldh Lap-5 Pgm SS: 20 SF: 57 FF: 43 Pop. 1 nomorphic SS: 0 SF: 0 FF: 120 SF: 25 FF: 92 monomorphic SS: 3 N-120 Pop. 2 SS: 75SS: 45 SF: 40SF: 55 FF: 5 SF: 30 FF: 87 SS: 8 SF: 45 FF: 67 SS: 120 SF: 0 FF: 0 FF: 20

Explanation / Answer

So, from the above question, we should make a chart first. Resulting frequency is calculated first in each case, which is the no of individuals in each genotype, divided by the total no of individuals from all three genotypes of each gene.

In population 1, Adh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

96

0.8

SF

22

0.183

FF

2

0.016

In population 1, Pgm gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

20

0.166

SF

57

0.475

FF

43

0.3583

In population 1, Aldh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

0

0

SF

0

0

FF

120

1

In population 1, Xdh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

120

1

SF

0

0

FF

0

0

In population 1, Lap-5 gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

3

0.025

SF

25

0.2083

FF

92

0.7666

In population 2, Adh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

75

0.625

SF

40

0.333

FF

5

0.416

In population 1, Pgm gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

45

0.375

SF

55

0.4583

FF

20

0.1666

In population 1, Aldh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

3

0.025

SF

30

0.25

FF

87

0.725

In population 1, Xdh gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

8

0.0666

SF

45

0.375

FF

67

0.55833

In population 1, Lap-5 gene,

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

120

1

SF

0

0

FF

0

0

Now, we can calculate the average level of heterozygosity for a specific gene in each population. So, we need to know about the SF.

In population 1, for Adh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.8, which is 0.89. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.11. And 2pq= 2X0.89X0.11. so, SF=0.19

In population 1, for Pgm,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.166, which is 0.407 . Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.593. And 2pq= 2X0.407X0.593. so, SF= 0.482

In population 1, for Aldh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0, which is 0. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 1. And 2pq= 2X0X1. so, SF=0

In population 1, for Xdh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 1, which is 1. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0. And 2pq= 2X1X0. so, SF=0

In population 1, for Lap-5,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.025, which is 0.1581. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.8419. And 2pq= 2X0.1581X0.8419. so, SF=0.266

In population 2, for Adh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.625, which is 0.7905. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.2095. And 2pq= 2X0.7905X0.2095. so, SF=0.3312

In population 2, for Pgm,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.375, which is 0.6123. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.3877. And 2pq= 2X0.6123X0.3877. so, SF=0.474

In population 2, for Aldh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.025, which is 0.1581. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.8419. And 2pq= 2X0.1581X0.8419. so, SF=0.266

In population 2, for Xdh,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 0.0666, which is 0.2580. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.742. And 2pq= 2X0.2580X0.742. so, SF=0.382

In population 2, for Lap-5,

Since SS=p2, SF = 2pq, and FF = q2, then p (the frequency of the S allele) must be the square root of 1, which is 1. Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0. And 2pq= 2X1X0. so, SF=0

Now, high heterozygosity means high variation, which can be compared from the above result for each gene, in 2 populations.

So, for Adh, population 2 has high genetic variation.

For Pgm, population 1 has high genetic variation.

For Aldh, population 2 has high genetic variation.

For Xdh, population 2 has high genetic variation.

For Lap-5, population 1 has high genetic variation.

Genotype

No of individuals

Resulting frequency

SS

96

0.8

SF

22

0.183

FF

2

0.016

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