QUESTION 16 Which of the following statements is true? 0 \"Peptidoglycan is foun
ID: 141934 • Letter: Q
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QUESTION 16 Which of the following statements is true? 0 "Peptidoglycan is found many in cell walls of fungi, algae and plants Peptidoglycan is a fatty acid Gram positive bacterial walls have a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane by techoc ace The cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan QUESTION 17 Which of the following is NOT a function of a glycocalyx? It allows bacteria to stick to a host or the environment Biofim formation O It forms pseudopodia for mobility e It can protect a bacterial cell from drying out QUESTION 18 Which cellular structure is important in classifying a bacterial species Gram status? O Flagella Ribsosomes O Cell wall GlycocalyxExplanation / Answer
16] Ans. The cell walls of bacteria are made up of peptidoglycan.
Peptidoglycan, also known as murein, is made up of sugars and amino acids. It is not made of fatty acids.
Gram-positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan. Gram-negative ones have a thin layer.
Cell walls of fungi, algae, and plants are made up of different substances [ carbohydrates ] like chitin, cellulose, pectin, lignin etc
17] Ans- It forms pseudopodia for mobility
Bacteria do not form pseudopodia. They move with the help of cilia or flagella.
All other are functions of the glycocalyx.
18] Ans- Cell wall
Bacterial cell wall s made up of peptidoglycan which is a long polymer of sugars and amino acids. The thickness of the cell wall determines the classification of bacteria as gram-positive or gram-negative. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick cell wall which contains several layers of peptidoglycan while gram-negative bacteria have a thin cell wall.
19] Ans-- Are dormant resistant cells
Endospores are dormant, tough, non-reproductive structures which ensure the survival of bacteria through periods of environmental stress. They are not stained by gram dye. A different technique is used to stain them. They are not reproductive structures.
20] Ans - Fimbriae
Fimbriae are small finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes through which eggs move from the ovaries to the uterus.
All others are biofilms.
21] Ans- All of the above
Biofilms are multicellular communities formed by bacteria and they consist of bacteria encased within a non-crystalline extracellular matrix of proteins, polysaccharides and other small molecules.
22] Ans-- Gas storage for buoyancy
All other are functions of the vacuole in a cell-- it stores food, as in plant cells
- it digests larger molecules as food vacuole in amoeba
- it controls the water content of cells by osmoregulation.
23] Ans- All of the above
Archaea do not contain peptidoglycan in their cell wall. They do not have membrane-bound cell organelles and are closer to prokaryotes than eukaryotes in structure.
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