1. Fossilized stromatolites: A. Formed around deep-sea vents. B. Resemble struct

Question

1. Fossilized stromatolites: A. Formed around deep-sea vents. B. Resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow marine bays. C. Provide evidence that plants moved onto land in the the company of fungi. D. Contain the first undisputed fossils of eukaryotes 2. Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot result from: a. Transduction. B. Conjugation. C. Mutation. D. Meiosis 3. Bacteria perform the followingecological roles. Which role typically does not involve symbiosis? A. Skin commensalist. B. Decomposer. C. Gut mutualist. D. Pathogen 4. Plant-like photosynthesis that releases oxygen occurs in A. Cyanobacteria. B. Archea. C. Gram-positive bacteria. D. Chemoautotrophic bacteria 5. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of LUCA? A. Genetic code based on DNA. B. Only 20 amino acids used C. Enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane. D. ATP was an energy intermdiate E. Cytoskeleton present. 6. The protists are considered a paraphyletic group because: A. It includes the plants. B. Does not include the Archea. C. Does not include the Bacteria and Archea. D. It includes the Apicomplexa. E. It does not include Plants, Animals and Fungi 7. Which group is incorrectly paired with its description? A. Diatoms-important producers in aquatic communities. B. Diplomonads-unicellular eukaryotes with modified mitochondria. C. Apicomplexans- unicellular parasites with intricate life cycles. D. Dinoflagellates-feed on dead organic matter 8. Which of the following statements about viruses is true? A. They do not mutate and evolve. B. They do not contain genetic information. C. They carry out physiological functions on their own. D. Their existence depends on cells 9. The accumulation of atmosphere C. CO2 in the water D. Both A and C. E. Both A and B allowed organisms to grow larger. A. O2 in the atmosphere B. CO2 in the 10. At the time of the origin of LUCA which mode of nutrition was NOT being used? A. Chemoheterotroph B. Chemoautrophs. C. Photoautotrophs-oxygenic. D. Photoautotrophs-Anoxygenic. 11. A phylogenetic tree: A. classifies all plant species based on their habitats. B. diagrams the evolutionary history of a particular group of organisms. C. is based on binomial nomenclature. D. only catalogues fossil plants . D. only uses genome sequencing data

Explanation / Answer

1. B. Fossilized stromatolites are cyanobacterial layers that formed sedimentary layers in shallow water regions of the world.

2. D. Meiosis is a phenomenon seen only in higher order organisms that leads to reduction in the number of chromosomes in the haploid cells. Bacteria undergo binary fission to reproduce.

4. A. Cyanobacteria are primitive forms of phorosynphotos organisms.

8. D. Virus depends on cells - host cells. They use the host cell machinery to replicate and then burst the cell open to release mature virion particles.

9. E. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are both obtained from the atmosphere.

11. B. A phylogenetic tree represents evolution of a group of organisms based on their similarities.

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