An early objection to Darwin\'s ideas about evolution was that the theory could

Question

An early objection to Darwin's ideas about evolution was that the theory could not explain how variation was maintained in populations. We now know that plenty of variation exists. Describe the sources of variation, making sure you explain how they maintain variation in populations. For each of the sources, you should name the source, describe how it works, and explain why this maintains variation. Hints: There are four sources of variation, information about which can be found in the Modern Synthesis lectures. Students often are deficient in their answers for the first two, so make sure you put extra effort describing them.

Explanation / Answer

Genetic variation is an important role of genetic make up of individual.Genetic variation are the difference between the DNA segment or genes between individual.There are four sources of variation,

(1)Mutation-A mutation is a change that happens in a DNA sequence.This can be a major cause of the diversity among the organism.The changes happen in different levels and it literally differs in consequences.This can create entirely a new individual or alleles in a population.

(2)Random fertilization-In random fertilization the genes colleceted into one gamete and it do not give any single chance to other genes to produce a zygote.Its like a sperm cell which do not give chance to any other sperm to fusing with an egg cell.This can not create a new individual.

(3)Random mating between individual-The defination of this variation is the word itself randomly mating.Here an individual can mate infinite number of times.Mating between individual is not based by specific gene,so that each sperm has an equal chance to fusing with an egg.Study says, if female mates in finite number of times,then the size of the population gradually decrease.

(4)Recombination between homologous chromosome during meiosis-Genetic recombination during meiosis in eukaryotes involves the pairing of homologous chromosome.In eukaryotes genetic recombination during the process of the meiosis results that genetic information transferred from parents to the offspring.The transformation of the information occurs may be keeping without physical relationship exchange.A section of genetic information copied from one chromosome to another without exchange.Most of the recombination occurs naturally.

Modern synthesis found in mendelian genetics with darwinian evolution which resulted in unified theory of evolution.

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