This is for Biology of disease vectors. What are the five important consequences

Question

This is for Biology of disease vectors.

What are the five important consequences with respect to pathogens/parasites living within a host (possibly including a vector?) Can you provide a brief description of what is meant by each?

The five consequences of vector interactions is

1. genome erosion (lose genome content),

2. metabolic streamlining

3. adaptation to different hosts,

4. molecular mimicry,

5. interdependent metabolism.

As just one example, what is remarkable about the genome of Theileria annulata? By the way,who might the genus name of this organism be named after? is T. anulata a vector-borne organism? If so, what is the vector?

Why might you expect the metabolic network of plasmodium to be less extensive than that of anopheles? Which of the two is able to make the most amino acids from scratch

Why do we need something like network theory to eventually understand what is going on in a vector infected networks to be redundant? What might be the eventual goal of applying such network algorithms to vector-pathogen relationships?

Explanation / Answer

1. Genome erosion is also known as genetic depletion is a process in which gene pool of
an endangered species decreases, even more, when reproductive organisms die before
reproducing low populations. It can also state that the reduction of allelic uniformness.

2. Metabolic streamlining is a process seen in nitrogen-fixing bacteria. It means metabolic control
is streamlined to control and regulate metabolic systems.

3. Adaptation to different hosts: Adaptation means acclimatization to different environmental
conditions. A pathogen may have different adaptation strategies to adapt to a wide variety of hosts
so that it can evolve and successfully infect different hosts.

4. Molecular mimicry refers to the sequence/structural similarities between two substrate/molecules. This enables an organism such as pathogens to evade the host immune system as the pathogen proteins are recognized as self-antigens by the host system.

5. Metabolism refers to the entire set of biochemical reactions occurring in a cell. All the metabolic reactions in a living system are interconnected. The product of one reaction serves as the substrate for the other pathway.
Ex: Photosynthesis produces glucose which serves as the substrate for respiration.

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