the antibiotics tetracycline and erythromycin inhibit bacterial protein synthesi
ID: 145450 • Letter: T
Question
the antibiotics tetracycline and erythromycin inhibit bacterial protein synthesis The antibiotics tetracycline and erythromycin inhibit bacterial protein synthesis but have no effect on proteins encoded by eukaryotic, nuclear genes. Conversely, the antibiotic cycloheximide inhibits protein synthesis of nuclear genes but has no effect on protein synthesis in bacteria Select the statement that best describes the effect of a particular antibiotic on protein synthesis. It cannot be determined because two of these antibiotics affect bacteria, and cells with mitochondria are eukaryotic. O O o Eythromycin treatment would inhibit protein synthesis from nuclear genes, but not from Tetracycline treatment would inhibit mitochondrial protein synthesis, but not protein synthesis of nuclear genes. O mitochondrial genes o Cycloheximide treatment would inhibit expression of mitochondrial genes, but not o Tetracycline treatment would inhibit translation of nuclear genes, but not translation of expression of nuclear genes mitochondrial genes.Explanation / Answer
Tetracyclines are antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis by preventing the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal acceptor (A) site of bacterial ribosomes. They bind to 30S ribosomes that contain 16S rRNA and 21 ribosomal proteins. Tetracyclins can inhibit protein synthesis in intact mitochondria due to similarity with prokaryotic protein synthesis. However, it does not affect translation of proteins from nuclear genes. Thus, tetracycline, although affecting prokaryotic proteins synthesis also inhibit mitochondrial protein synthesis. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus. Although mitochondria are present in eukayotes, they are said to have originated from prokaryotes.
Cyclohexamide is an inhibitor of protein synthesis in eukaryotes. It inhibits elongation during protein translation by binding to the E-site of the 60S ribosomal subunit. It also interferes with deacetylated tRNA. It inhibits both mitochondrial and nuclear protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that binds to the 23S RNA of 50 S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibits assembly of 50S subunit. It has no effect on protein synthesis of nuclear genes in eukaryotes. Erythromycin has an effect on mitochondrial protein synthesis.
Hence, right choice is Tetracycline would inhibit mitochondrial proteins synthesis but not protein synthesis of nuclear genes.
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