In June 1783, two brothers, Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier, demonstrated that a
ID: 1463812 • Letter: I
Question
In June 1783, two brothers, Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier, demonstrated that a balloon full of hot air rises. They got the idea by observing that smoke rises and that a paper bag placed over a fire expanded and rose as well. They believed that such bags were filled with a unique gas, later called Montgolfier gas.
The Montgolfier brothers experimented with hot-air balloons. The first flight of live animals (a sheep, a rooster, and a duck) was launched from Versailles, France, on September 19, 1783, and the first human passengers were launched about a month later, on October 15. These hot-air balloon demonstrations drew the attention of more than 100,000 spectators, including Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and Benjamin Franklin. The Montgolfier brothers believed that the balloons were full of a unique gas later called Montgolfier gas, but today we know that it was just hot air. Use information from the first human flight to estimate the density of Montgolfier gas. The balloon's capacity was 60,000 cubic feet. There may have been one or two adults on the ride. The balloon was tethered, and it gently rose 25 m, staying aloft for about 4 min.Estimate the total mass of the balloon and passengers.
____ kg
Calculate the density of the Montgolfier gas. (Use your estimate.)
_____ kg/m3
Explanation / Answer
Volume of Balloon = 60,000 feet^3
Volume of Balloon = 1699.0 m^3
Buoyant Force, Fb = *V*g
Where, Density of Air = 1.225 Kg/m^3
Fb = M*g
*V*g = M*g
1.225 * 1699.0 = M
M = 2081.3 Kg
Total Mass of Balloon + Passengers, M = 2081.3 Kg
Let the average mass of Human = 80.7 Kg
Let us assume two Humans in Balloon, Total Mass = 161.4 Kg
Denisty = Mass/Volume
Density = (2081.3 - 161.4)/ 1699
Density = 1.13 Kg/m^3
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