Most geologists believe that the dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago w

Question

Most geologists believe that the dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago when a large comet or asteroid struck the earth, throwing up so much dust that the sun was blocked out for a period of many months. Suppose an asteroid with a diameter of 9.0 km and a mass of 1.0×1015 kg hits the earth with an impact speed of 4.5×104 m/s . Part A What is the earth's recoil speed after such a collision? Assume that the mass of the earth is 5.981024 kg. (Use a reference frame in which the earth was initially at rest.) Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. vrecoil = SubmitMy AnswersGive Up Part B What percentage is this of the earth's speed around the sun? Assume that the orbit of the earth is a circle with the radius of 1.51011 m. Express your answer using two significant figures. vrecoilvorbital = % SubmitMy AnswersGive Up

Explanation / Answer

part A :

let the recoil speed of earth is v

as the asteroid and earth will stick together

using conseravtion of momentum, m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1+m2) V

so

1 e 15 * 4.5 *10^4 + 0 = (1 e 15 + 5.98 e 24) * V

so V = 7.82 *10^-8 m/s-----<<<<<Answer to part A

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b)

earth's speed after around sun , Vs= 30000 m/s

percentage of earth's speed around the sun = v * 100/Vs

percentage of earth's speed around the sun = 7.82e -8 * 100/30000

percentage of earth's speed around the sun = 2.606 *10^-10 ---<<<<< answer

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