Q1 ) Svante Paabo and colleagues sequenced the Neanderthal genome from fossils a

Question

Q1 ) Svante Paabo and colleagues sequenced the Neanderthal genome from fossils and compared the sequences to modern humans. According to the data below, did the two species interbreed when they overlapped in Europe? Explain.

MODERN AFRICA100%

MODURN HUMMAN GENES 98%

NEANDERTHAN GENES 2%

A) Yes. Modern humans and Neanderthals interbred in Europe after modern humans migrated out of Africa. This explains why modern Africans have no Neanderthal genes, but many humans in other parts of the world do carry them.

B) No. Modern humans and Neanderthals interbred in Africa and then migrated to Europe. Africans don't have Neanderthal genes because they interbred much earlier and these genes have already eliminated.

MODERN AFRICA100%

MODURN HUMMAN GENES 98%

NEANDERTHAN GENES 2%

Explanation / Answer

In this the correct option is (A) , that Modern humans and Neanderthals have interbred in europe and after the modern humans migrated out of africa.Thats why modern africans have no neanderthals genes while humans in other parts of the world still carry them.

Now the reason which supports this statement is-

1.Svante paabo in order to sequence the neandarthal genome asked some of the museum curators and then he was provided with a arm bone from the original neander valley skeleton from which he extracted 3.5g of whitish bone.

2.Then he isolated mitochondrial DNA from which he was able to isolate several sequences of DNA, but as these sequences were different from nuclear DNA, Paabo worked further on nuclear DNA.

3.When he analysed his results , and compared the full neanderthal genome with those of modern humans,he found out that there is a little but significant overlap in many of them.

4.About 2% of neanderthal genes were found in european, asian and far eastern region. People from Africa had no neanderthal genes.

5.They concluded that modern humans when they first emerged from Africa -- encountered and mated with neanderthals in the middle east.Their offsprings carried some Neanderthal genes and as modern humans swept through Asia and europe, they carried these genes with them.

So this was the whole thing

Hope it explains your query, Good luck!!!

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