3. What is the expected out tcome for glycolysis and glycogen metabolism in each
ID: 148393 • Letter: 3
Question
3. What is the expected out tcome for glycolysis and glycogen metabolism in each case outlined below? NOTE: there is no specification here that the effect has to be directly on the major control point for that pathway. (15 points) Cellular condition Effect on glycolysis Effect on glycolysis | Indicate here what enzyme glycogen Effect on glycogen Effect on glycogen synthesis: synthesis: for increases glycolysis | for increases | Indicate here what enzyme (or enzymes) in the 4 for decreases (or enzymes) synthesis glycolysis NC for no change to glycolysis in the glycolysis glycogen pathway is altered in this NC for no change in this condition. condition.to glycolysis for decreases glycogen metabolism pathway is altered synthesis A high NAD/INADH) Hypoxia conditions (low Liver cells in a person with diabetes High ratio of ATPI/IAMP] with an increase in CAMP concentration A low ratio of [CoAl/Acetyl COA]Explanation / Answer
A high NAD+/NADH : glycolysis rate decrease Glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme is altered in this condition.
Hypoxia condition : rate of glycogen synthesis increase and glycolysis decrease Glycogen synthase enzyme is altered.
Liver cell in a person with diabetes : rate of glycogen biosynthesis decrease and glycolysis increase due to lack of insulin.
Insulin no more acts as primary messenger and GPCR receptor is deactivated resulting no glycogen biosynthesis.
High ratio of ATP/AMP with an increase in cAMP concentration : rate of glycolysis decrease and glycogen biosynthesis increase.
Activity of Phospho-fructokinase1 enzyme becomes low which acts as a major enzyme of rate limiting step of glycolysis.
A low ratio of CoA/ Acetyl coA : Pyruvate doesn't enter in TCA cycle as low CoA decreases the production of acetyl coA from pyruvate.
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