11 True/False. Th ancestor with a hox gene complex 12) True/False: The Hox genes
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11 True/False. Th ancestor with a hox gene complex 12) True/False: The Hox genes 13) True/False: The wings of a fruit fly and a bird are considered analagous strutuctures. 14) True/False: The wings of a fruit ly and a bird are considered homologous structures 15-21 use the word bank to fill out the following. Terms can be used more then once on 15) Gene transcription can be downregulated by CpG cytosines in the promoter region of genes. Most mature genes have e Hox gene cluster in humans and frut flies suggest they shared a last common are considered homologous between humans and fruit flies not at al of RNA binding protein numbers of so-modified CpGs, transcription factors RNA polymerase I while many developmental genes have chemical modification. numbers of CpG groups that lack this histones Chromatin High Low creates different mature mRNAs (isoforms) of the same gene? Polyadenylation, transcription translation bind to cis-regulatory elements around genes to supress or activate gene- 18) Genomic DNA and associated proteins form alternative splicing acetylation which can be condensed by of asymetric extrinsic deterministic proteins binds to mature mRNA via base-pairing of its antisense nucleotide sequence to promote degredation or block translation of their target mRNA 20) 21) Researchers in the early 1900s noticed that some annelid and mollusk embryos have a visable germ plasm in the egg that gets segregated to just one cell during the first 6 rounds of cell division. This would be an example of 22) Which of these techniques can be used to overexpress a gene in only particular regions of the fly a) RNA-seq 23) Which is the best technique to quantify the expression of many genes in a specific tissue? a) RNA-sed 24) Which techniques is commonly used to create conditional knockouts in mice? a) RNA-seq 25) Which of these techniques can be used to overexpress a gene in only particular regions of the f a) RNA-seq 26) Which of these techniques can be used to examine which tissues express a specific gene? a) RNA-seq can sequester, localize, protect, or destablize mRNAs cell division b) Cre/Lox c) In Situ Hybridization d) CHIP-seq e) Gal4/UAS b) CHIP-seq c) In Situ Hybridization d) Cre/Lox.. e) Gal4/UAS b) CHIP-seq c) In Situ Hybridization d) Cre/Lox e) Gal4/UAS b) CHIP-seq c) In Situ Hybridization d) Cre/Lox. e) Gal4/UAS b) CHIP-seq c) In Situ Hybridization d) Cre/Lox. e) Gal4/UASExplanation / Answer
Answer:
Case 1: The Hox gene cluster in in human and fruit flies suggested they shared a last common ancestor with Hox gene complex (True)
Hox genes: Hox genes have been entirely conserved throughout animal evolution, meaning since around 530 million years ago, when many complex animal life forms appeared, they had Hox genes.
Case 2: The Hox genes are considers as homologous between humans and fruit flies (True)
Homology: Homology refers to the traits inherited by two different organisms from a common ancestry. Organs such as bat's wing, wings of birds, seal’s flipper, forelimb of a horse, and human arm have a common underlying anatomy that was present in their last common ancestors; therefore, their forelimbs are homologous organs.
Case 3: The wings of a fruit fly and a bird are considered as analogous structure (True)
Analogy: Analogy refers to the similarity in function of two different organisms due to convergent evolution and not common ancestry. Analogous organs are the opposite of homologous organs, which have similar functions but different origins. An example of an analogous trait would be the wings of insects, bats and birds that evolved independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings. The wings of insects originate from the inner or outer surface of the insect’s body. Feathers of birds originate from their forelimbs, and the wings of bats originate from both the fore limb and the membranous skin of the abdomen.
Case 4: The wings of a fruit fly and a bird are considered as homologous structure (False)
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