into the duodenurm l apper ilà galstone were to block Eva\'s pancreatic duct, pr
ID: 149332 • Letter: I
Question
into the duodenurm l apper ilà galstone were to block Eva's pancreatic duct, preventing the release of pancreatic juice 2 The condition known as a ppendicitis is an acute inflammation of the appendix, usually due to bacterial infection. hat anatomical or histological feature does the appendix contain that makes it at risk for this type of condition? How does its location and shape complicate this? Explain. 3 If the ileocecal valve fails to close properly, the contents of the cecum can reflux back into the ileum. Why might this cause problems? (Hint: What is found in the large intestine that is not normally found in the small intestine?) 2 oastive System . UNIT 24 . 661Explanation / Answer
2. The appendix, an organ found in the lower right portion of abdomen, is a slimy, finger-shaped organ attached to the cecum. It measure around 2-4 inches. Although earlier it was said to be vestigial remnant of the cecum with no apparent function, recent studies indicate that it may have some function. The appendix along with the innate lymphoid cells may act as a reservoir of beneficial bacteria. These good bacteria may reside in the appendix and can help recolonize the large intestine when its normal flora is lost during diarrhea.
Acute Appendicitis, or inflammation of appendix may occur due to a closed-loop obstruction of the appendix. The reason may be due to either lymphoid hyperplasia or impacted fecal matter. Obstruction will cause bacterial overgrowth. As a result, there is an intraluminal pressure created that obstructs the blood flow leading to congestion and ischemia. Blockage will also cause the appendix to inflame when there is infection in other parts of body. As it is present in close proximity to the cecum, it can be infected if there is infection in the intestine. The mucosa of the appendix is colonic in nature. It is rich in lymphoid tissue and is well endowed with blood supply. The appendix is present close to the cecum and stool from the cecum may be pushed into the appendix. Mostly the stool is pushed out of appendix by peristalsis. However, some of the non pathogenic bacteria of intestine may become pathogenic and cause infection. The lymphoid tissue may also swell and block the appendix. Overgrowth of good bacteria in appendix can occur when there is obstruction that leads to infection.
3. The small intestine is involved in absorption of nutrient and water from food. The large intestine absorbs water from feces and converts it into stool. The bacterial flora that is present in large intestine help in digestion of food. Although microbes are present in small intestine too, the large intestine is composed of large number of anaerobes. Feces may be pushed into the appendix is due to its close proximity. Normally, this food is pushed back into large intestine by peristalsis. If peristalsis is not occurring, there can be infection caused by the bacteria in the feces. Small intestine has few bacteria and cannot impact the appendix as it is far apart from it.
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