A paper is bent so that it forms a straight piece of steel wire. The steel wire

Question

A paper is bent so that it forms a straight piece of steel wire. The steel wire does not return to its bent shape. Is steel wire (in general) capable of following Hooke's Law? No; the paperclip does not return to its bent shape so it is not elastic No; Hooke's Law only applies to springs Yes; it can follow Hooke's Law without returning to its original shape yes; the force to bend the paperclip exceeded the elastic limit but a smaller force would still let the paperclip return to its original shape.

Explanation / Answer

Option d) is the Answer.

Explanation:

Hooke's law also applies when a straight steel bar or concrete beam, supported at both ends, is bent by a weight F placed at some intermediate point. The displacement X in this case is the deviation of the beam, measured in the transversal direction, relative to its unloaded shape.

The law also applies when a stretched steel wire is twisted by pulling on a lever attached to one end. In this case the stress F can be taken as the force applied to the lever, and Xas the distance traveled by it along its circular path. Or, equivalently, one can let F be the torque applied by the lever to the end of the wire, and X be the angle by which that end turns. In either case F is proportional to X (although the constant k is different in each case.)

For example, when a block of rubber attached to two parallel plates is deformed by shearing, rather than stretching or compression, the shearing force F and the sideways displacement of the plates X obey Hooke's law (for small enough deformations)

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