3. Use the Internet to find the target (cellular structure or function) of each
ID: 151654 • Letter: 3
Question
3. Use the Internet to find the target (cellular structure or function) of each of the antifungal drugs in the left column, and match each drug to its target in the right column. Flucytosine_ Amphoteracin B Imidazole Nystatin Griseofulvin Echinocandins Terbinafine a. Cell membrane b. Cell wall c. Cell division d. Nucleic acid synthesis REFERENCES CDC. Histoplasmosis. http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfomd/diseases/histoplasmosis C 2012. Histoplasmosis Outbreak among Day Camp Attendees-Nebraska, June, 2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekiy Report,. 61 (37):747-748.Explanation / Answer
Flucytosine : Nucleic acid synthesis. It's chemical name is 5-fluoro-cytosine. It undergoes modification to 5-fluorouracil by the action of cytosine deaminase. 5-fluorouracil inhibits thymidylate synthetase and DNA synthesis
Amphotericin B: cell membrane. It bind to sterol called ergosterol present in the fungal membrane and creates a transmembrane channel through which leakage of intracellular components can take place leading to fungal cell death. This drug disrupts membrane permeability to kill fungus.
Imidazole: cell membrane.It inihibits ergosterol synthesis resulting in increased cellular permeability.
Nystatin : cell membrane. It's mode of action is similar to amphotericin. It binds to ergosterol and forms pores in the fungal cell membrane leading to leakage of potassium and other cellular components.
Griseofulvin : cell division. The exact mechanism is not known but the drug inihibits mitosis by binding to microtubules and hampering their function .
Echinocandins : cell wall. It inhibits glucan synthesis in fungal cell wall by non-competitvely inhibiting the enzyme 1,3- glucan synthase.
Terbinafine: Cell membrane. It inihibits the enzyme squalene monooxygenase required for the synthesis of ergosterol an essential components of fungal cell membrane. This inhibition also increases the levels of squalene, the usbstrate for squalene monooxygenase.
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