3. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the dominant serovar in poultry to

Question

3. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the dominant serovar in poultry today, most likely due to removal of serovars that compete for the same ecological niche (10 pts.). a. Name one of those serovars that is believed to have competed with S. Enteritidis.

b. How was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?

c. Why was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?    3. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the dominant serovar in poultry today, most likely due to removal of serovars that compete for the same ecological niche (10 pts.). a. Name one of those serovars that is believed to have competed with S. Enteritidis.

b. How was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?

c. Why was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?    3. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the dominant serovar in poultry today, most likely due to removal of serovars that compete for the same ecological niche (10 pts.). a. Name one of those serovars that is believed to have competed with S. Enteritidis.

b. How was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?

c. Why was the competitive serovar removed from the niche?   

Explanation / Answer

a. Salmonella Gallinarum, a avian adapted serovar was endemic in poultry farms that is believed to have competed with S.Enteritidis.

b.To prevent this wide spread of disease and thus to reduce the economic loss National Surveillance Programs were established in USA and under this National Poultry Improvement Plan,1935 was designed.

As this S.Gallinarum has no animal host other than domestic and aquatic fowl thus the test-and -slaughter method was introduced which can help in disease control and also led to the eradication from commercial poultry flocks.

S.Enteritides (egg-associated pathogen) and S. Gallinarum has an inverse relationship between them and this indicates that S.Enteritidis filled the ecological niche vacated by eradication of S.Gallinarum from poultry.

Good Management System, clearing poultry fowls affected with S.Gallinarum and Biosecurity enforcement can also help in removing S.Gallinarum from the niche.

c. When the flocks with S.Gallinarum were cleared, serovar Enteritidis was able to colonize chickens without noticeable signs of disease. It was also believed that seropositive S.Pullorum had an enhanced immunity dominant O9 antigen that protected against S.Enteritidis infection. So, it is essential to remove S.Gallinarum from the niche.

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