45. Duff states that equal masses of all substances have equal changes in intern

Question

45. Duff states that equal masses of all substances have equal changes in internal energy when they have equal changes in temperature. Javan states that the change in internal energy is equal to a constant times the change in temperature for every T, no matter how large or how small T is, but that the constant is different for different substances. Which one, if either, is correct?
a. Neither, because the specific heat depends on the substance and may vary with temperature.
b. Neither, because a change of state may involve release or absorption of latent heat.
c. Neither because a substance may do work during a temperature change.
d. All of the statements above are correct.
e. Only statements (a) and (b) are correct.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

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Why is duff's statement correct?

Explanation / Answer

internal energy of a system is sum of its total potential enegy and total kinetic energy.

when temperature changes, potential energy remains same but kinetic energy changes.

but change in velocity of the particles / vibrations of the particles in a particular substance is proportional to temperature and does not depend on any other properties.

so change in internal energy when masses are equal and temperature changes are equal becomes equal for different substances

hence Duff's statement is correct.

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