An electric field can induce an electric dipole in a neutral atom or molecule by

Question

An electric field can induce an electric dipole in a neutral atom or molecule by pushing the positive and negative charges in opposite directions. The dipole moment of the induced dipole is directly proportional to the electric field at the atom or molecule. That is, p =E , where is called the polarizability of the molecule. A stronger electric field at the atom or molecule results in a more polarized molecule and causes a larger dipole moment p.

A. Find an expression for the force of the ion on the induced dipole Fion on dipole. Assume that the distance r is much larger than the charge separation within the dipole.

Express your answer in terms of the variables q, r, and appropriate constants. Don't forget that since force is a vector your answer must include the direction of the force.

To receive full credit, you must show your work. Your solution must include an appropriate visualization of the problem, mathematical soluton, and assessment.

B. The molecule has 16 times the mass of the ion. Find an expression for the force of the induced dipole on the ion Fdipole on ion.

Explanation / Answer

A) the force of the ion on the induced dipole = k * q * q * /r2 + k * q * q * /(1 - r)2

                                                                                                      = k * q2 */r2 + k * q2 */(1 - r)2

                                                                                                        = k * q2 * * [1/r2 + 1/(1 - r)2]

B) force of the induced dipole on the ion Fdipole on ion   = 16 * k * q2 * * [1/r2 + 1/(1 - r)2]

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