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An experimenter adds 640 J of heat to 1.75 mol of an ideal gas to heat it from 1

ID: 1529628 • Letter: A

Question

An experimenter adds 640 J of heat to 1.75 mol of an ideal gas to heat it from 10.0C to 21 C at constant pressure. The gas does 160 J of work during the expansion. Part B Calculate for the gas. In an experiment to simulate conditions within an automobile engine, 0.160 mol of air at a temperature of 800 K and a pressure of 2.70×106 Pa is contained in a cylinder of volume 390 cm3 . Then 680 J of heat is transferred to the cylinder. Part A If the volume of the cylinder is constant while the heat is added, what is the final temperature of the air? Assume that the air is essentially nitrogen gas. Part B If instead the volume of the cylinder is allowed to increase while the pressure remains constant, find the final temperature of the air.

Explanation / Answer

Let Q = + 640J ( heat added to cylinder) and Work = + 160 J ( work done by system)

number of mole , n = 1.75 mol.

temperature increase ( T2 - T1 ) = 110 C

according to first law of thermodynamics

dQ = dU + dW ........... (1)

+640 = dU +160

so increase in internal energy; U = 480 J

Cp = Q / (n * (T2 - T1 ) = 33.246 J

Cv = U / ( n* (T2 - T1 ) = 24.935 J

so ( PART B ) --------Y = (Cp / Cv ) = 1.33

For the automobile engine :

n= 0.160 mol of air. = 0.160 mol of nitrogen.

T = 800 K

P = 2.70 * 106 Pa and V = 390 cm3 = 390 * 10-6 m3

heat transfered Q = +680 J ( added to the system)

if volume of the system is constant then work done will be zero.

so from equation 1.

Q = U = m Cv ( T2 - T1 ) = n* molecular mass of nitrogen * (Cv of nitrogen = 0.743 ) * ( T2 - 800)

so (Part A). T2 = 1004.287 K = final temperature.

(Part B). If the pressure of the cylinder remain constant.

Q = n* molecular mass of nitrogen * Cp * ( T2 - T1 ); where Cp of the nitrogen = 1.04

so final temperature in this case T2 = 945.948 K

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