Which of the following characteristics goes into the labeled Deep-Sea Mud labele

Question

Which of the following characteristics goes into the labeled Deep-Sea Mud labeled boxes. If a trait is associated with all three mud types, place in “all” box.

Coccolithophore(Cocco)

Foraminifera(For)

Lithogenous(Lith)

Radiolaria(Rad)

Biogenous(Bio)

Diatom(Dia)

High near rivers(Rivers)

High near deserts(Desert)

High under zones of upwelling(Up)

Most abundant above CCD(Above)

Most abundant below CCD(Below)

Collects the slowest(Slow)

Abundant on seafloor where surface waters are warm(Warm)

SILICIOUS OOZE ABYSSAL OR RED CLAY CALCAREOUS OOZE ALL

Explanation / Answer

Abundant on seafloor where surface waters are (Warm)

Coccolithophore and Foraminifera produces calcareous ooze while Radiolaria and Diatom produces siliceous oozes. Both siliceous and calcareous oozes are biogenous.

Abyssal or red clay sediments are terrigenous or lithogenous. These sediments are found near the continental margins. So a river draining into a ocean can generate terrigeneous red clay. Freshwater Diatoms are also found in good numbers in rivers and they are very good indicator of salinity change.

When ocean basins uplift due to plate tectonism and if they become deserts (for example Sahara desert), we get all the three kind of features in the desert.

Calcareous oozes are abundant above Carbonate Compensation depth (below this depth calcium carbonate dissolution takes place) and below Calcium Compensation Depth, siliceous oozes are abundantly present.

Terrigeneous clay collects 10 times more slowly than the oozes.

Wherever water upwelling takes place, nutrients or food for the organisms are abundant in those zones. So both type of oozes can occur here.

In tropical climates, sea surface waters are warm. In this climatic condition more erosion occur than in cold climates. Planktic Foramaminiferas generally like to live in platformal shallow depths in warm ocean waters. So calcareous oozes are found there.

SILICEOUS OOZE ABYSSAL OR RED CLAY CALCAREOUS OOZE ALL Radiolaria (Rad) Lithogeneous (Lith) Coccolithophores (cocco) High near deserts(Desert) Diatom (Dia) Collects the slowest (Slow) Foraminifera (For)

Abundant on seafloor where surface waters are (Warm)

High near rivers (Rivers) Biogenous (Bio) Biogenous (Bio) Abundant on seafloor where surface waters are (Warm) High under zones of upwelling(Up) High near rivers (Rivers) Most abundant above CCD (Above) High under zones of upwelling (Up) Abundant on seafloor where surface waters are (Warm) Most abundant below CCD (Below)

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