More than one analyzer can be used in a setup like that in the following figure,

Question

More than one analyzer can be used in a setup like that in the following figure, each analyzer following the previous one. Suppose that the transmission axis of the first analyzer is rotated 25° relative to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and that the transmission axis of each additional analyzer is rotated 25° relative to the transmission axis of the previous one. What is the minimum number of analyzers needed, so the light reaching the photocell has an intensity that is reduced by at least a factor of one hundred relative to that striking the first analyzer?

Explanation / Answer

From Malus Law we have I2 = I1*cos2()

Now we want Ifinal = 1/100*I initial = (cos2())n

So, n*ln(cos2(25) = ln(1/100)

n*(-.19675) = -4.605

So n = 4.605/.19675 = 23.4 so there must be at least 24 analyzers

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