The geologic time scale is, starting with the oldest and ending with the younges
ID: 155185 • Letter: T
Question
The geologic time scale is, starting with the oldest and ending with the youngest:
A) Paleozoic, Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Precambrian.
B) Precambrian, Mesozoic, Cenozoic, Paleozoic.
C) Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic.
D) Precambrian, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Cenozoic.
E) Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic, Precambrian.
2.
What is accurate about the Law of Faunal Succession:
A) The Law was developed from evolutionary theory, which told early geologists that simple fossils were older than more complex fossils, and so allowed early geologists to put rocks in order.
B) The Law was developed from the observation that using geologic reasoning to put rocks in order from oldest to youngest also put the fossils in those rocks in order.
C) The Law was developed from evolutionary theory in an effort to discredit religion.
D) The Law was developed from evolutionary theory in an attempt to put rocks in order.
E) The Law was passed by Congress to encourage teaching of evolution in schools.
3.
The Mesozoic:
A) Is old life, the age of shellfish.
B) Is middle life, the age of dinosaurs.
C) Is new life, the age of dinosaurs.
D) Is old life, the age of algae.
E) Is new life, the age of mammals.
4.
When considering the land surface:
A) Deposition of sediments is occurring on it in most places most of the time, so you can go almost anywhere and find a complete or nearly complete record of geologic history.
B) Deposition of sediments occurs in only a few places, with erosion or nondeposition occurring in most places to produce inclusions, and one must piece together geologic history from rocks in many places.
C) Deposition of sediments occurs in only a few places, with erosion or nondeposition occurring in most places to produce unconformities, and one must piece together geologic history from rocks in many places.
D) Deposition of sediments occurs in only a few places, with erosion or nondeposition occurring in most places to produce unconformities, and there is no way to figure out anything about geologic history.
E) Deposition of sediments does not occur on land, so there is no way to figure out anything about geologic history.
5.
The yellow line lies along the contact between sandstone (on the left) and reddish mudstone (on the right). The red arrows point along a place where the sandstone continues into the mudstone. The four sides of the picture are labeled A, B, C and D. What is most likely correct about these rocks?
A) When the rocks were deposited, side A was the highest (it was on top).
B) When the rocks were deposited, side B was the highest (it was on top).
C) When the rocks were deposited, side C was the highest (it was on top).
D) When the rocks were deposited, side D was the highest (it was on top).
E) The rocks were formed from lava flows far down in the Earth, and were not deposited.
6.
Look at the picture, which shows a small section of a fossil sand dune (a sand dune in which the grains have been glued together by hard-water deposits). When the dune was first deposited, which was down (which letter is closest to the arrow that is pointing in the direction you would have looked to see the ground when the dune was deposited)?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
7.
The above picture shows a region a bit under a foot across, in a cliff in Red Canyon, just west of Bryce Canyon National Park. The rocks in the picture are the same as the rocks at the bottom of the beautiful Bryce Formation, the pastel rocks in Bryce Canyon. The red arrows surround a very interesting, reddish clast.
What is the geological interpretation of this picture?
A) A landslide made everything we see.
B) Many older rocks, some with interesting histories, were rounded in a river, then mixed with sand and glued together by hard-water deposits, then ground up in a big earthquake fault.
C) A glacier picked up a range of rocks, carried them, then piled them up in a moraine, then a landslide happened to put those rocks with others, and then an earthquake fault ground up the rocks.
D) Many older rocks, some with interesting histories, were rounded in a river, then mixed with sand and glued together by hard-water deposits; the resulting rock layer was broken into pieces, which were rounded in a stream, mixed with other rocks and sand and glued together by hard-water deposits, and the resulting rock layer was raised out of the river, and eroded to yield the modern outcrop.
E) A glacier delivered the rock; glaciers can carry all different sizes of rocks, as seen here.
8.
If you hike down into Bryce Canyon, and you look up the correct stream bed, youll see this.
The trees lying across the stream bed in the photo above (between the pink arrows) are a small dam. What has happened here?
A) The dam has trapped sediment upstream, and the clean water coming over the dam has picked up sediment downstream of the dam and lowered the stream bed there.
B) The glaciers that carved the canyon left the sediment above the dam.
C) A large sediment wave was moving slowly down the river, and the dam was built at the front of the sediment wave to stop the sediment, which it did.
D) A landslide came down the river, and the dam was built at the front of the landslide.
E) Marmots dug out the space below the dam.
9.
The picture above shows an outcrop along Interstate 70 in Utah. The green arrow points to a person, for scale. The pink arrows point
to the ends of an interesting surface. Some rocks are below this surface, and other rocks above it.
What happened to make this outcrop?
A) The rocks below were deposited, hardened, turned on end, eroded to make an unconformity with a soil developing on top, and then other rocks were deposited on top of the soil.
B) The rocks below were shoved underneath the rocks above in a push-together fault.
C) The rocks below were deposited at the angle observed, and then the rocks above were deposited on top.
D) The rocks below were deposited as loose sediment, turned on end, eroded to make a pediment with a soil developing on top, and then other rocks were deposited on top.
E) The rocks below were shoved underneath the rocks above in a pull-apart fault.
10.
We saw when we studied weathering that physical weathering makes little pieces from big, and that chemical weathering dissolves some things and makes other chunks. The different chemicals went into different places, dissolved or in chunks. When geologists classify sedimentary rocks, the first divisions are based on:
A) Chemistrythe iron-bearing ones and the silica-bearing ones and others are separated.
B) Grain shapewhether a grain is square or round is most important thing in classification.
C) Mode of weatheringrocks made of pieces from chemical weathering and from physical weathering are given different names based on how the original rock was taken apart.
D) Originrocks made from pre-existing pieces are separated from rocks made from precipitation of dissolved things.
E) Colorred rocks and green rocks and fuchsia rocks and other rocks are named based on color.
11.
One way that sediment is changed to sedimentary rock is by:
A) Cementation, a process that occurs in nature but that is unlike anything we humans can observe in the human-made world.
B) Cementation, a process that occurs only when humans glue things together.
C) Cementation, a process that occurs in nature, and that is similar to processes that can occur in plumbing and other things humans make. Cementation, a process that occurs in nature, and that is similar to processes that can occur in plumbing and other things humans make.
D) Cementation, a process that occurs in response to Diet Pepsi soaking.
E) Cementation, a process that occurs in your innards when you drink regular Pepsi.
12.
The above picture is from the Escalante-Grand Staircase National Monument. The pink arrows point along some interesting features.
What are they?
A) Pull-apart faults, where rocks were moved in earthquakes.
B) Mud cracks, formed when a flash flood roared down the road (which is under the lower-right pink arrow), spread mud onto the desert surface, and then the mud dried.
C) Joints, formed when the sedimentary rocks were broken by physical-weathering or other processes.
D) Unconformities, formed by erosion in the past.
E) Push-together faults, where rocks were moved in earthquakes.
13.
What is accurate about sediments and sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks?
A) Squeezing and heating can turn loose sediment into sedimentary rock, and sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock, with all the intermediate steps observed in nature.
B) All the sedimentary rocks came into existence when the Earth first formed, and all the loose sediment has been made when Diet Pepsi dissolved the cement between grains.
C) Loose sediment and sedimentary rock are very different with no intermediates, but sedimentary rock grades smoothly into metamorphic rock with many intermediates.
D) All the sedimentary rocks came into existence when the Earth first formed, and all the loose sediment has been made when water dissolved the cement between grains.
E) Loose sediment, and sedimentary rock, are very different, and intermediates between loose sediment and sedimentary rock are never found.
14.
Geologic history involves learning the order of events in the past (which came first?), and, what happened. Part of what happened is reconstructing what the environment was like in the past. What is accurate about the human effort to learn about past environments?
A) Sediments and sedimentary rocks include almost no clues about past environments.
B) Sediments and sedimentary rocks tell us a little bit about whether the past environment was a lake or desert, but not much else.
C) Sediments and sedimentary rocks provide much information about whether they were deposited in the ocean or on land, whether the climate was hot or cold and wet or dry, and more.
D) Sediments and sedimentary rocks reveal that our primitive ancestors of previous millennia survived on pizza and Pepsi.
E) Sediments and sedimentary rocks provide no information whatsoever about the past.
15.
What is an important idea that geologists use to put sedimentary rocks in order from older to younger?
A) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, the layer on the top and the layer on the bottom are the two oldest layers, and the layer in the middle is the youngest.
B) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, all are of exactly the same age.
C) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, the ages do not show any regular progression from oldest to youngest or youngest to oldest going up through the pile, but instead are randomly distributed.
D) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, the layer on the bottom is the oldest, and the layer on the top is the youngest.
E) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, the layer on the top was deposited first, then the one beneath it, and so on, with the most recently deposited layer on the bottom.
Explanation / Answer
1.The geologic time scale is, starting with the oldest and ending with the youngest:
C) Precambrian(prior to 600 million years ago), Paleozoic(541 to 252.17 million years ago), Mesozoic(252 to 66 million years ago), Cenozoic(65 million years ago).
3) B) Is the middle life , the age of dinosaurs.
Mesozoic meaning is "middle life".
15.D) In a normal pile of sedimentary layers, the layer on the bottom is the oldest, and the layer on the top is the youngest.(law of superposition.)
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