Compare and contrast Psychodynamic Approaches, Trait, Learning, Biological and E

Question

Compare and contrast Psychodynamic Approaches, Trait, Learning, Biological and Evolutionary, and Humanistic Approaches to personality. Which approach to personality do you find the most compelling? Why? Locate a copy of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR®): a system, devised by the American Psychiatric Association, used by most professionals to diagnose and classify abnormal behavior. Pick an abnormal behavior and explain the behavior in terms of the (DSM-IV-TR). Homosexuality was once thought of as a psychological disorder. How far has psychology come in terms of differentiating superstition from fact?

Explanation / Answer

Personality can be defined as relatively stable and distinctive styles of thought, behavior, and emotional responses that characterize a person’s adaptations to surrounding circumstances. Thus, the concept of personality has been used to explain what causes people to behave differently in the same situation and to explain an individual’s consistency in responding across situations. Personality results from the interplay of biological and environmental factors. Different personality theorists emphasize different aspects of personality and its development. These approaches include: the psychoanalytic approach (emphasizing the role of early childhood experience and the unconscious in determining adult personality), trait theory (emphasizing characteristics of human behavior that distinguish a person and can be objectively measured), the social cognitive approach (emphasizing how the principles of learning and information processing inf luence personality), the humanistic approach (emphasizing one’s subjective experiences and the potential for human growth, creativity, and spontaneity), and theevolutionary/biological approach (emphasizing behavior patterns that may result from physiology, genetic inheritance, and adaptive pressures from humans’ evolutionary past)

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