1. ______________ binds to RNA polymerase and blocks an early step in RNA synthe

Question

1. ______________ binds to RNA polymerase and blocks an early step in RNA synthesis.  

Ampicillin

Chloramphenicol

Rifampicin

Rimantidine

all of the above

2. Bacterial transcription machinery releases RNA strands at intrinsic and _______________ terminators.  

Rho-dependent

holoenzyme

enhancer

regulatory

none of the above

3. _______________ experiments show that 70-RNA polymerase combines with promoter DNA to form a closed and an open complex.  

Southern blotting

DNase protection

Footprinting

Complementation

none of the above

4. _______________ structures reveal important information about the way that the open complex of RNA polymerase is organized.  

Crystal

Diamond

Dynamic

Antibody-antigen

none of the above

Ampicillin

Chloramphenicol

Rifampicin

Rimantidine

all of the above

Explanation / Answer

We will use elimination method to rule out the wrong answer

Question 1.

Option 1. Ampicillin- It prevent peptidoglycan synthesis in the growing bacteria so this cannot be the right answer. Which will leave option 5 also

Option 2. Chloramphenicol-   Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S subunit of Ribosome and prevent chain elongation by preventing the peptidyl transferase activity. So, we are left with two more option

Option 3. Rifampicin- it binds to RNA polymerase and blocks an early step in RNA synthesis

Option 4. Rimantidine- it’s a drug which is used against influenza A virus

So, right answer is Rifampicin

Question 2.

Option 4. Regulatory- it's related to enzyme function

Option 3. Enhancer- they are DNA element(sequence) which increase the activity of enzyme

Option 2. Holoenzyme- Enzyme is usually made up of protein. Some enzyme needs some co-factor to carry out their function. Those enzymes are called Apoenzyme. Apoenzyme along with co-factor make holoenzyme which is fully functional enzyme

Option 1. Rho-dependent – They are the protein which is help in the termination of the transcription. Rho protein binds to the RNA signal present on the nascent RNA synthesize by RNA polymerase on DNA template.

The answer will be option A.

Question 3.

3. _______________ experiments show that 70-RNA polymerase combines with promoter DNA to form a closed and an open complex.  

Option 4. Complementation test is used to check the mutation on two different stains

Option 3. Footprinting- footprinting is a used to check specific DNA sequence and protein.

DNase Protection- is same as footprinting but in this technique after formation of DNA-protein complex is treated with DNase. DNase will digest whole DNA except the region of DNA which is bound by protein

Option 1. Southern Blotting- it’s a technique used to detect specific sequence in a DNA sample by using radio-labelled probe or fluorescent tag primers

Answer will be DNase protection

Question 4.

4. _______________ structures reveal important information about the way that the open complex of RNA polymerase is organized.  

Option 4. Antigen-antibody- structure is formed when the antibody binds to an antigen.

Option 3. Dynamic – it means constant change in the structure

Option 2. Diamond – unrelated to biology

Option 1. Crystal structure- They are the 3D structure of proteins which is the actual structure of protein used by them during their function

Answer is option 1.

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