Which of the following statements is correct for a conductor? A) The electric fi

Question

Which of the following statements is correct for a conductor? A) The electric field outside the surface of the conductor is perpendicular to the surface. B) All excess charges go to the surface of the conductor. C) The electric field is zero inside the conductor. D) All of the other answers apply. Which of the statements is correct? A) Electric filed is a scalar quantity. B) Electric field lines point from higher electric potential to lower electric potential. C) Electric potential remains constant along the electric field lines. D) Electric field lines can cross each other where multiple charges are present. E) none of the above An equipotential surface must be A) parallel to the electric field at any point. B) randomly oriented with respect to the electric field. C) perpendicular to the electric field at any point. D) equal to the electric field at any point.

Explanation / Answer

3. D. All of the points A,B and C apply as a correct statement for the conductor. As all the excess of the charges move towards the surface of the conductor, or specifically, an isolated conductor, the field inside is zero. Keep in mind that these statements stay correct for isolated conductors only.

4. B. As Electric field is directed towardsthe direction of decreasing potential, it can be said that the field lines are directed from higher potential to lower potential. As Electric field is a force, it is a vector quantity and not a scalara quantity. The electric potential goes on decreasing as it gives away its energy inside the conductor.

5. C. An equipotent surface must always be perpendicular surface to the electric field at any point. as along this surface, the potential will remain same, but if you move forward in the direction of electric field, the potential would keep decreasing or vice versa. So, the only surface where the potential would stay same is on a perpendicualr cross section or suraface to the direction of electric field.

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