Question 13 (1 point) Which of the following statements is correct? Question 13

Question

Question 13 (1 point)

Which of the following statements is correct?

Question 13 options:

For every codon, there is one amino acid.

For every amino acid, there is one codon.

A codon may signify more than one amino acid.

Three codons make up an amino acid.

Three amino acids make up a codon.

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Question 14 (1 point)

Molecules of mRNA are translated from 3' to 5', which is the opposite direction from which they were made.

Question 14 options:

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Question 15 (1 point)

During translation, mRNA codons bind to complementary tRNA anticodons.

Question 15 options:

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Question 16 (1 point)

The Shine—Dalgarno sequence is a purine-rich region just upstream of a start codon and is necessary for the initiation of protein synthesis in prokaryotes.

Question 16 options:

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For every codon, there is one amino acid.

For every amino acid, there is one codon.

A codon may signify more than one amino acid.

Three codons make up an amino acid.

Three amino acids make up a codon.

Explanation / Answer

Solution 13: The correct option is option B. Every amino acid is specified by a codon. Codons are a group of three nucleotides. Each codon specifies one particular amino acids. Conversely, multiple codons can also code for the same amino aid, due to degeracy of genetic code.

Solution 14: The codons of the mRNA reading frame are translated in the 5'3' direction into amino acids by a ribosome to produce a polypeptide chain. Therefore, the statement is false.

Solution 15: The statement is true. mRNA binds to complementary anticodons on the tRNA in order to join the amino acids in the correct sequenece. The polypeptide then folds into the correct protein structure.

Solution 16: The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence is a ribosomal binding site in bacterial and archaeal messenger RNA, generally located around 8 bases upstream of the start codon AUG. The RNA sequence helps recruit the ribosome to the messenger RNA (mRNA) to initiate protein synthesis. Therefore, the statement is true.

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