* Dottie Oblonski was doing well in her first year of university when she develo

Question

* Dottie Oblonski was doing well in her first year of university when she developed a cough and diarrhea. She felt very tired an achy and went to bed early in her dormitory room. The next morning she woke early with severe headache, stiff neck and high fever. Her roommate called the ambulance and she was rushed to the hospital. A check of her blood pressure showed that it was very low (70/40). Blood cultures were grown and found to be positive for Neisseria meningitides (meningococcus). The cerebrospinal fluid test was clear of any organisms, but the had a much high number of white blood cells. Her blood white-cell count was determined and had 90% neutrophils and low number of lymphocytes. Intravenous antibiotic therapy was administered and she improved over the next 48 hours.

1. Which of the following events are most likely to occur in the first 8 hours of the medical episode?

a. Pathogens are engulfed by macrophages

b. Pathogen infected cells are killed by natural killer cells

c. T cells are recruited to engulf infect cells

d. Both A and B are correct

e. Both B and C are correct

2. During the first 8 hours the cytokines produced by phagocytes may lead to systemic effects such as fever.

a. The above statement is true

b. The above statement is incorrect

3. Which other event is most like to occur during this 8-hour period?

a. Mass proliferation of T cells

b. Mass proliferation of T cells

c. Production of antimicrobial peptides

d. Rapid generation of antibodies

4. Which of the following or tissue is involved in the early response?

a. Kidney

b. Liver

c. Lungs

d. Heart

5. Which of the following molecules are involved in the response?

a. TLR

b. PAMPs

c. CD3

d. CD4

e. Both A and B

6. Which of the following statement is correct regarding this early phase episode?

a. Responses point to the importance of the adaptive immune system in quickly suppressing the onset of the illness

b. The innate system is engaged utilizing phagocytosis, the complement system, and opsoniztion

c. Chronic infections can be quickly rectified by the involvement of phagocytes

d. Both A and B are correct

7. The low blood pressure is not typical in a person with this type of infection

a. The above assumption is correct

b. The above assumption is incorrect

c. No opinion can be drawn from this statement

d. Blood pressure is irrelevant in an infection

8. Follow up testing indicated that Dottie was deficient in complement component 8. What is the possible consequence of this diagnosis

a. Interferon production will be impaired

b. B cell function will be impaired

c. The proper function of the membrane attack complex will be affected

d. The toll-like receptor will not transduce signals

9. Dottie’s siblings were asked to take part in genetic testing to see if they were also affected. Results from the test showed that the elder sibling (Martha) has a deficiency in properdin. Which of the following is a possible effect of this diagnosis?

a. The classical properdin production would be affected

b. The Alternate properdin pathway would be affected

c. The C1q/antibody interaction would be affected

d. There would be a significant elevation in the level of C3 convertase

Explanation / Answer

Question.1

    Option A is correct

Question .2

    The above statement is incorrect. Phagocytosis is a process that digests the pathogen with in the cell. Cytokines are produced by the T-cells and macrophages and its acts on a specific resident areas of body tissues depends on infection.

Question 3

Early response of these bacteria affects the heart. Endotoxin of these bacteria reduce the blood circulation that alters the blood pressure.

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