Type II diabetes is a medical condition characterized by “insulin-resistance”. T
ID: 16502 • Letter: T
Question
Type II diabetes is a medical condition characterized by “insulin-resistance”. Thepeople with this disorder produce insulin, but the hormone fails to recognize its
cellular receptor and perform its metabolic function. Diabetic patients exhibit a set
common symptoms including: (
a. Excessive production of ketone bodies
b. Excessive glucose in urine
c. Rapid weight lost
Use your knowledge of hormonal regulation and carbohydrate metabolism to explain
the biochemical basis of these symptoms. In other words, why insulin resistance leads
to the conditions listed above.
Explanation / Answer
Answers for part: a) The reason for the excessive production of the ketone bodies is due to the glucose not being broken down into energy, because of lack of insulin that breaks down the glucose, hence the fats in the body must now be broken down (ketone bodies are by-products of fat breakdown) due to the glucose in sugar and carbohydrates, which are the body's main sources of energy, not being broken down to produce the energy the body needs. b)There is excessive glucose in the urine due to the body having get rid of the glucose that it can't break down because there isn't the insulin in the body needed to break it down. c)There is rapid weight loss because most of the energy your body gets from food comes from the sugars and carbs. which are made up of glucose, and so if your main energy source in your body is not available, your body has to break down the fat and protien already stored in it that it can't break down, so your body is essentailly eating itself, causeing the body to lose weight as it breaks itself down. Hope this helps! :)
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