A neuron and a white blood cell have very different functions. for example, a ne
ID: 165261 • Letter: A
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A neuron and a white blood cell have very different functions. for example, a neuron can receive and respond to electrical signals while a white blood cell defends the body against infection. This is because. the proteins found in a neuron are completely different from the proteins found in a white blood cell. the neuron and the white blood cell within an individual have the same genome, the neuron expresses some mRNAs that the white blood cell does not. neurons and while blood cells are differentiated cells and thus no longer need to transcribe and translate genes. the distinct characteristics of different cell types in a multicellular organism result mainly from the differential regulation of the. replication of specific genes. transcription of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. transcription of housekeeping genes, proteins that directly bind the TATA box of eukaryotic genes. the human genome encodes about 21.000 protein-coding genes. Approximately how many such genes does the typical differentiated human cell express at any one time? 21,000-all of them between 18.900 and 21.000-at least 90% of tin* genes between 5000 and 15.000 less than 2100 Which of the following is not a good example of a housekeeping protein? DNA repair enzymes histones ATP synthase hemoglobin Which of the following statements about differentiated cells is true? Cells of distinct types express nonoverlapping sets of transcription factors. Once a cell has differentiated, it can no longer change its gene expression. Once a cell has differentiated, it will no longer need to transcribe RNA. Some of the proteins found in differentiated cells are found in all cells of a multicellular organism.Explanation / Answer
Answer 1.
Different cells express different proteins depends on the need of the specific cell types and also on the function of the cell types.
Answer will be option C - neuron express some mRNA that white cells doesn’t
Answer 2.
RNA polymerase II transcribe almost all the gene of the multicellular organisms. RNA polymerase II binds to different transcription factor present in the cells and initiates transcription. Transcription factors vary from cells to cells
Answer is option B -Transcription of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II
Answer 3. Human genome codes for around 21,000 proteins but some gene like gene of Immunoglobulin codes for more than one protein by alternative splicing.
Answer will be option B – Between 19000 – 21000- at least 90 % of the genes
Answer 4. Housekeeping genes are the genes which express themselves ubiquitously irrespective of cell type and condition.
DNA repair enzymes are the enzyme which gets activated only when there is DNA damage.
So answer will be option a- DNA repair enzymes
Answer 5. Differentiated cells are those cells which perform the specific function. They have the different set of protein which is distinct from each other but they also need housekeeping gene which is required for the normal function of glycolysis, Kerb cycle, tubulin which maintains cell structure and many other functions.
So answer will be option D- some of the proteins found in differentiated cells are found in all the cells of a multicellular organism
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