1 What is an emerging disease? a. A disease that is beginning to show symptoms i

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1 What is an emerging disease? a. A disease that is beginning to show symptoms in a patient b. A disease that is one that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. c. A disease that has jumped species d. A disease that is increasing in mortality

2 What does anautogenous mean? a. A disease acquired locally b. A disease brought to a new place by a traveler c. An insect that transmits disease d. An female insect that needs a blood meal to develop her eggs

3 What does hematophagous mean? a. Feeding on blood b. Feeding on plant fluids c. Feeding on mammalian blood only d. Feeding of multiple hosts

4 What does vector in this course mean? a. A parasite that causes disease b. An insect that has multiple life stages c. An insect that can transmit a pathogen d. An insect refractory to a pathogen

5 Which species is the malaria mosquito? a. Aedes aegypti b. Aedes albopictus c. Culex pipens d. Anopheles gambiae

6 Each of the mosquitoes of a “species complex” are easy to tell apart? a. T b. F

7 Who is the major vector of Zika, CHICV, DENV and yellow fever? a. Aedes aegypti b. Aedes albopictus c. Culex pipens d. Anopheles gambiae

8 Febrile means ___________________. a. Bones that break easily b. diseases that produces pain c. diseases that produces fever d. an infectious disease

9 Historically Malaria was found in the U.S. as far north as a. Washington D. C./mid-Atlantic region b. Maine/Vermont c. Canada d. Jacksonville Fl.

10 In our lectures we described container breeders as _____________________. a. Mosquitoes that need to lay their eggs in small vessels that transiently contain water. b. Mosquitoes that need to lay their eggs in small vessels exclusively without water. c. Mosquitoes that feed exclusively on humans. d. Mosquitoes that need to lay their eggs in small vessels that continuously contain water.

11 The eggs of container breeding mosquitoes can withstand desiccation for months in order to ____________________. a. Survive unfavorable conditions such as the dry season. b. Survive insecticide spaying by the Mosquito Control Board. c. Survive the effects of insecticide resistance. d. This is genetically modified mosquito.

12 Desiccation resistant eggs hatching in installments, and not all at once, is a form of hedge betting. a. T b. F

13 Aedine mosquito egg quiescence and egg diapause differ a. in the amount of time they last. b. Quiescence is environment determined while diapause is genetically and hormonally determined. c. Quiescence is energetically more demanding d. Diapause is responsible for insecticide resistance.

14 According to your text Aedes aegytpi were transported out of Africa by ________. a. Slave ships b. Used tires. c. Used tires on slave ships. d. Blown over by hurricane winds 15 According to your text Aedes albotictus were transported out of Asia by ________. a. Slave ships b. Used tires. c. Used tires on slave ships. d. Blown over by hurricane winds

16 Species A is ___________. a. Aedes aegypti b. Aedes albopictus c. Culex pipens d. Anopheles gambiae

17 Species B is ___________. a. Aedes aegypti b. Aedes albopictus c. Culex pipens d. Anopheles gambiae

18 Arbovirus is a portmanteau of ______________________.

Arbor meaning tree and the word virus.

Viruses that attach trees.

“arthropod borne” virus

arthropod and bone for the pain they cause in the joints.

19. Flower vases in cemeteries are a significant source of larval breeding sites in urban environments    

a. T

b. F

20 ______________________ is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent. It is responsible for most malaria-related deaths globally.

a.Aedes aegypti

b.Aedes albopictus

c.Anopheles gambiae

d.Plasmodium falciparum

21 The “Malaria Hypothesis” states:

A.Malaria is responsible for more deaths than any other mosquito borne disease.

B. Anemia blood disorders became common in these certain areas because natural selection increased the prevalence of these traits to protect individuals from malaria.

C. The Malaria parasite will develop drug resistance because of the illegal malaria medication black market.

D. Malaria confers resistance to anemia.

Explanation / Answer

Emerging disease: A disease that is one that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. (b) Anautogenous means An female insect that needs a blood meal to develop her eggs. (d) Hematophagous means Feeding on blood. (a) Vector in this course means An insect that can transmit a pathogen. (c) Malaria mosquito species: Anopheles gambiae. (d) Each of the mosquitoes of a “species complex” are easy to tell apart. True (a) Major vector of Zika, CHICV, DENV and yellow fever: Aedes aegypti. (a) both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are vectors for the above diseases. However, Aedes aegypti is the primary vector. Febrile means diseases that produces fever (c) Historically Malaria was found in the U.S. as far north as Washington D. C./mid-Atlantic region (a) South was the area of the country with the most malaria transmission. Container breeders are Mosquitoes that need to lay their eggs in small vessels that continuously contain water. (d)

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