Problem 1. Which of the following scenarios would be LEAST likely to result in a

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Problem 1. Which of the following scenarios would be LEAST likely to result in a fossil?

a. a beetle that becomes trapped in tree sap

b. a snake that dies and is quickly covered in soft mud

c. humans who are quickly buried alive in volcanic ash

d. a jellyfish that dies and slowly floats to the bottom on the ocean

e. a boar that is trapped in a tar pit and sinks quickly

Problem 2. Which of the following changes in the evolutionary history of horses is documented by the fossil record?

a. a gradual decrease in body size

b. a gradual increase in the number of toes

c. a gradual decrease in the number of toes

d. a direct path from the ancestor to modern-day horses

e. a and c

Problem 3. Why are fossils generally going to be more useful for studying animals that lived in or near water (e.g., streams, lakes, oceans, etc.)?

a. because all animals need water

b. because water is where most rocks form

c. because dead animals that fall into water are more likely to be in conditions that allow fossilization

d. because no decomposers are living in water

e. because the water prevents the organism from being eaten by scavengers

Problem 4. Which of these characteristics would be expected to apply to a transitional fossil?

a. It should be completely different from any other species.

b. It should have some similarity to species that lived before it.

c. It should have some similarity to species that lived after it.

d. It should be exactly the same as a modern species.

e. b and c

Problem 5. The Tiktaalik fossil, which dates back 375 million years, is considered a transitional fossil because __________.

a. the species lived while the earth was still forming

b. it was discovered half in the water and half on land

c. the organism was swimming when it was crushed by falling rock

d. it shows the transition between two- and four-legged organisms

e. it displays features found on both aquatic and land-dwelling species

Problem 6. Which of the following features did Tiktaalik possess that were not possessed by earlier vertebrates?

a. fingers and toes

b. a flexible wrist

c. fins

d. lungs

e. gills

Problem 7. Why did Shubin and Daeschler specifically travel to Ellesmere Island to hunt for fossils?

a. because the rocks on this island are of the right type to contain fossils

b. because the rocks on this island are of the right age to contain important transitional vertebrate fossils

c. because no other paleontologists had searched for fossils on that island

d. They were just guessing that something interesting might be there.

e. b and c

Problem 8. The variation in shape and function of the forelimb in tetrapods is a result of __________.

a. evolutionary adaptations to different environments

b. unrelated ancestry

c. rapid evolution and land transition

d. tetrapod limb manipulation

e. environmental toxins

Problem 9. The forelimb of a chicken and a primate contain many of the same bones arranged in the same order. This is an example of _______.

a. tetrapodology

b. similarity

c. comparable limbs

d. limb sharing

e. homology

Problem 10. Which of the following can be used by scientists to understand evolution?

a. molecular data

b. the study of anatomy

c. developmental homology

d. fossil records

e. All of the above can be used to help scientists understand evolution.

Explanation / Answer

(1) answer is (a) because beetle will not preserved in free sap. Fossils must be preserved in surrounding.

(2) answer is (C) because fossil record of horses shows the gradual Change in number of toes. Ancient horse have residue of 5limbs but modern horses have only one toe

(3) answer is (C) because water flow easily sediments around animal by mud and soil.

(4) answer is (d) because they are connecting link between two species

(5) answer is (d) because tiktaalik fossils are the transitional fossil between fishes and amphibia. That is bipod a to tetrapoda

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