Q3.23. The phase plane plot on the right shows zero growth isoclines for two pre

Question

Q3.23. The phase plane plot on the right shows zero growth isoclines for two predator populations that feed on a common prey species. The two predator populations represent related species, which are ecologically similar, except that one of them exhibits much stronger territoriality and competition for breeding sites. Which is the more territorial predator?

A) Predator A

B) Predator B

C) There is not enough information to tel

Q3.24. Which of the time series plots below is least likely from a Lotka-Volterra predator-prey system in which the prey experiences density dependence? (Note: The predator curves are blue. This system is unrelated to the previous question.)

Q3.25. Wildebeests are large mammals that graze in the African savannah. Females give birth once a year, and young wildebeests are favorite prey for many predators. 95% of young are born during a narrow two-month window of time. Some researchers suggest that this birth synchrony is driven by predation.1 If that's true, which of the following could explain why most births happen within a small time period?

A) The wildebeests create a refuge in time from predation for their young, in that the sheer number born during the two-month window reduces the risk of predation for each individual young wildebeest.

B) The wildebeests create a metapopulation for their young, so that young in the patches without predators will survive better.

C) The wildebeests increase the self-limitation of predators by producing all young during a part of the predator-prey cycle when there are fewer predators.

D) The wildebeests increase density dependence for their young, which causes the stable equilibrium to be higher.

Explanation / Answer

23. Predator B. Predator B seems to be dominant over predator A because of larger population size (N).

24. Second graph (bottom) where blue is almost flat, green doesn't have high peaks.

25. (A) The wildebeests create a refuge in time from predation for their young, in that the sheer number born during the two-month window reduces the risk of predation for each individual young wildebeest.

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