Chapter 8 Review sheets Short Answer Questions 1) Why are epiphyseal plates cons
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Chapter 8 Review sheets Short Answer Questions 1) Why are epiphyseal plates considered temporary yoints? 2) A friend completes a basement floor tiling project that knees. Afterwards, pain took him to a doctor who time on friend bursitis is and what diagnosed bursitis. Help explain your can be done to relieve to it. 3) After months of very little exercise, you decide to go for a long run.After a mile, you start feel pain your kneecap area. What could explain this? 4) synovial joints have six distinguishing features. What are they? 5 How can osteoarthritis be treated? 6) For each of the following movements, indicate the specific kind of joint involved deg hinge, etc.) and the movement performed (e.g. extension, etc. a. Bending the elbow: b, Tuming head side to side: c Lowering your arm to your side in the frontal plane: d. Tuming the sole of foot modially: 7) While the fingers can exhibit flexion and extension and other angular motions, the thumb has much greater freedom. Why? 8) Briefly describe the structure of a typical synovial joint. 9) Although uric acid is a normal waste product of nucleic acid metabolism, excessive levels lead to gouty How does this product build up and cause so much pain when hings go wrong and why is it more common in men? 10) After reading a medical report, you learm that a 45-year-old female has the following symptoms: inflammation of synovial membranes, accumulation of synovial fluid, pain and tenderness about the joints, pannus formation, and some at certain joints. On the basis of these symptoms, what would the patient probably have? 11)Greg is somewhat of a "weekend athlete" who has overextended bimself by pitching multiple baseball games for a local team during the week and by playing golf on the weekends for several hours. He presented himself to the emergency room last week with severe shoulder pain (at the glenohumeral joint). The physician told him that the X-ray was not conclusive, but he may bave damage to his cuff. What is cuff, and how might he have caused this damage? What remedies will the physician recommend? 12) Many inflammations of joint areas can be treated by injections of cortisone into the area. Why don't we continually get injections rather than operations?Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Answering first five questions:
1. Why epiphyseal plates are considered temporary joints?
Answer: Epiphyseal plates are also known as growth plates and comprises of area of growing tissue near the end of long bones. The epiphyseal plates is actually a hyaline cartilage plate and is a temporary form of joint found between the epiphyses and diaphysis of long bones. When the growth is complete, then the epiphyseal plates close and are replaced by solid bone. Once the cartilage has been completely replaced by bone, only a thin epiphyseal scar is left that disappears later.
2. A friend finally completes a basement floor tilling project that required extensive time on his knees. Afterwards, knee pain took him to a doctor who diagnosed bursitis. Help explain to your friend what bursitis is and what can be done to relieve it.
Answer: Bursitis is the inflammation of small sacs called as bursae present in the synovial fluid in the body. When the inflammation of bursae occurs, it makes the movement painful and difficult. In bursitis there is a stinging pain around the inflamed bursae. Bursitis can be caused by excessive pressure or repetitive movement and generally effects knees, elbows and shoulder.
Bursitis can be treated by physiotherapy and symptomatic relief can be provided by pain killers.
3. After months of very little exercise, you decide to go for a long run. After a mile, you start to feel pain in your kneecap area. What could explain this?
Answer: This is called as runner’s knee or patellofemoral pain. During running the area where the kneecap rests on the thigh bone can be irritated. In runner’s knee the area around the patella would become tender.
4. Synovial joints have six distinguished features. What are they?
Answer: Six distinguished features of synovial joints are:
5. How can osteoarthritis be treated?
Symptomatic relief can be provided by the administration of pain killer medications or by topical application of pain killers. NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can reduce inflammation and pain. Hyaluronan injections can also be used to treat osteoarthritis of the knee.
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