Reptiles were the first group to be independent of the aquatic environment. What
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Reptiles were the first group to be independent of the aquatic environment. What characteristics are seen in reptiles that are different from and contribute to success on land? List the characteristics that distinguish between the following groups of vertebrates and give a specific example of each Jawless fishes Reptiles Cartilaginous fishes Birds Bony fishes Mammal Amphibians Plant Form and Function Describe the basic structure and functions of roots, stems and leaves. Specifically describe the following structures: taproot system internodes lateral roots apical bud fibrous root system bud adventitious roots blade nodes petiole Name the three types of tissues that make up plant organs.Explanation / Answer
1. Characteristics of reptiles different from amphibians which help them to survive on land: Reptiles have dry and scaly skin, whereas amphibians feel moist and sometimes rather sticky. They are vertebrates and cold blooded like amphibians. As compared to reptiles, amphibians have smooth skin. The skin of most amphibians is not water-proof unlike reptiles. Although most of the amphibians have lungs, they usually breathe through their skin and lining of their mouth, whereas most reptiles do not. Most amphibians have four limbs. Limbs and lungs are for adaptations of life on land and distinguish them from reptiles.
2.
They have a backbone and spend at least part of their lives in water and on land. Amphibians do not have scales and their skin is permeable.
They have a backbone (vertebrates). They are covered in scales and breathe with lungs. Most reptiles lay eggs.
Organism Characteristic Example Jawless fish Features of the jawless fish include a notochord, paired gill pouches, a pineal eye, and a two-chambered heart Lampreys and the hagfish Catilagoius fishes multiple gill slits, tiny tooth-like scales, nostrils on the side of the head, teeth that are not fused to the jaw, and internal fertilization Dog fish and Whale shark Bony Fish Calcified skeleton, hinged jaw, gill arches, gill filaments, and gill rakers. They also have an operculum for pumping water across the gills and swim bladders to control buoyancy, as well as mucous-lined scales. Devil firefish AmphibiansThey have a backbone and spend at least part of their lives in water and on land. Amphibians do not have scales and their skin is permeable.
AmericanToad ReptilesThey have a backbone (vertebrates). They are covered in scales and breathe with lungs. Most reptiles lay eggs.
Turtles, snakes Birds They have feathers and have single occipital condyle quadrate-articular jaw hinge single ear ossicle bill formed from premaxillary cranial kinesis large brain case fusion of bones. Parrot Mammals The three characteristics are mammary glands, hair and three middle ear bones. HumansRelated Questions
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