5.) In 1911, Ernest Rutherford and his assistants Hans Geigerand Ernest Marsden

Question

5.) In 1911, Ernest Rutherford and his assistants Hans Geigerand Ernest Marsden conducted an experiment in which they scatteredalpha particles from thin sheets of gold. An alpha particle, havingcharge +2e and mass 6.64 * 10-27 kg, is aproduct of certain radioactive decays. The results of theexperiment led Rutherford to the idea that most of the mass of anatom is in a very small nucleus, with electrons in orbit around it,in his planetary model of the atom. Assume that an alpha particle,initially very far from a gold nucleus, is fired with a velocity of1.9 * 107 m/s directlytoward the nucleus (charge +79e). How close does the alphaparticle get to the nucleus before turning around? Assume that thegold nucleus remains stationary.
rmin = 1 m

Explanation / Answer

initial kinetic of alpha transfer to potential electricenergy kq.Q/r=m.v2/2=>rmin=3.04*10-14 m because the weight of gold nucleus is very larger than thisof alpha ,it can remains stationary.

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