You are studying the genes Rtrl1 and Mtl2 that are unlinked autosomal genes know

Question

You are studying the genes Rtrl1 and Mtl2 that are unlinked autosomal genes known to affect tail length in mice. Recessive knockout mutations of each gene individually (i.e. rrMM, rrMm, RRmm, or Rrmm) cause the tail to be long. However, the double knockout (rrmm) has no tail. Let's say you cross two heterozygous mice (RrMm x RrMm) and select one of the wildtype offspring (normal tail length) and then cross that wildtype offspring with a heterozygous mouse (wildtype times RrMm). What is the probability that an offspring of this second cross will have no tail? UV light can cause thymine dimers. What repair pathway do plants use to repair thymine dimer damage? What repair pathway do animals use to repair thymine dimer damage?

Explanation / Answer

11. a. Plants use photoreactivation pathway with the help of photolyase enzyme to repair thymine dimer damage.PRE enzyme activated by blue light breaks the dimer, restoring the normal base pairing.

b. Humans use Nucleotide excision repair mecanism to deal with thymine dimer damage. IN the the uvr system excises the dimer, and the gap is filled in by the proof-reading activity of DNAPol I.

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