4. Solid and hazardous waste management (3 points) What is RCRA, and what did it

Question

4. Solid and hazardous waste management (3 points) What is RCRA, and what did it do in terms of solid and hazardous waste management? a. (4 points) An older landfill has a 0.25 m layer of leachate sitting above a 0.7 m consolidated clay liner. The porosity of the clay layer is 0.32, and its hydraulic conductivity is 7.1 x 10cm/sec. How long will it take leachate to break through? b. c. (3 points) In solid waste management, what is a transfer station, and why is it needed? d. (4 points) Acid mine spi! 60 L of 1M H2SO4 is added to 2,000 L of unbuffered water. What is the final pH? e. ) HCI can also be used to neutralize highly alkaline waters. How many grams of hydrochloric acid are needed to neutralize a 1L solution of water at pH 13.2?

Explanation / Answer

a)RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) protects communities and resource Conservation. o achieve his, U.S Environmental agency develops regulations guidance and policies that ensures the safe management and cleanup of solid and hazardous waste, and programs that encourage source reduction and beneficial reuse. The adequacy of using RCRA landfill type covers to reduce infiltration of moisture into the waste that leads to transport of pollutant to the under groundwater system. The adequacy of US EPA subtitile D(Non hazardous waste) and C (Hazardous waste) RCRA landfill in proecting groundwater from pollution by landfill leachate.

b) Thickness of clay =0.7 m Clay Porosity = 0.32 Breakthrough time = t Depth of leachate= 0.25 m hydraulic conductivity = 7.1x10-8 cm/s

t = T2n / k(H+T) = 0.72x 0.32 / 7.1x10-8 x( .7+.25) = .49x0.32 / 7.1x10-10 x(.95) =232468495 s = 2690 days

c) Transfer station is a place where waste and recyclable from many different source are brought together for transporting to recycling centres, waste processors or to landfill. Some waste Transfer station also process waste on site and have shop facilities where people can convert trash into treasure. Need of transfer station :

Provides fuel saving, reduction in road wear and less air pollution due to fewer vehicles being on road. Provide a trash and recyclable material drop off location for citizens. Reduce total traffic congesion in the community by transferring it onto larger vehicles. Reduce total truck traffic and improves safety at the landfill or waste-to-energy facilty. Provides the opportunity to screen incoming trash for such purposes as removing hazardous waste or recovering recyclables.

D) As h2SO4 is strong acid it will react to water and produce h3o+ and hso4- by dissociating completly in water. The H3O+ ion concentration at equilibrium is therefore essentially equal to the initial concentration of the acid.The number of moles of H2so4 added to the water in this calculation can be obtained from the volume and concentration of the sulphuric acid. 1Mh2so4 x 60 L = 60 mol of h2so4   The initial concentration of H2so4 is equal to the number of moles of H2so4 added to the water divided by the volume of water to which the H2so4 was added. 60mol of h2so4/ 2000L = 3x10-2 M of h2so4 If we assume that this acid dissociates completely, the [H3O+] ion concentration at equilibrium is 3x10-2M. pH= -log[3x10-2]=1.522

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