Pharmaceutical products, such as liquid cough syrups, are often sterilized by he

Question

Pharmaceutical products, such as liquid cough syrups, are often sterilized by heating prior to final packaging. In this case, a cough syrup is heated from 20 to 85 degree C by passing it through a 12.5 m long stainless steel tube with an inside diameter of 8.2 mm and outside diameter of 10.3 mm. The tube is wrapped with electrical tape to deliver a constant heat flux into the tube. The fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature at an average linear velocity of 0.188 m/s. fluid property: Density = 1070 kg/m^2. heat capacity = 3060 J/kg-K. viscosity = 0.0075 kg/s-m, thermal conductivity = 0982 W/m-K. Pr = 21.4

Explanation / Answer

Heat required = density * volume flow rate * heat capacity * temp diff.

                    = 1070 * pi * (0.0103^2-0.0082^2) * 0.188 * 3060 * 65 / 4   = 1220.836 W

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