When a beam of monochromatic x-rays is incident on aparticular NaCl crystal, Bra

Question

When a beam of monochromatic x-rays is incident on aparticular NaCl crystal, Bragg reflection in the first order (i.e. with m=1) occurs at an angleof =20°. The spacing d between atomic planes is 0.28nm. Determine the minimum voltage at which the x-ray tube can beoperating for a Bragg reflection to occur (i.e. assume that all of the kinetic energy of the electronsaccelerated in an electric field and impinging on the anode of the x-ray tube is converted into x-rayradiation). Can you see a link between x-ray generation and the photoelectric effect? When a beam of monochromatic x-rays is incident on aparticular NaCl crystal, Bragg reflection in the first order (i.e. with m=1) occurs at an angleof =20°. The spacing d between atomic planes is 0.28nm. Determine the minimum voltage at which the x-ray tube can beoperating for a Bragg reflection to occur (i.e. assume that all of the kinetic energy of the electronsaccelerated in an electric field and impinging on the anode of the x-ray tube is converted into x-rayradiation). Can you see a link between x-ray generation and the photoelectric effect?

Explanation / Answer

   m = 2 d sin
   here m = 1 and d = 0.28nm and = 20
      = 2 ( 0.28nm)sin 20
   =0.1915nm
assume that all of the kinetic energy of the electrons acceleratedin an electric field and impinging on the anode of the x-ray tube is converted into x-ray radiation assume that all of the kinetic energy of the electrons acceleratedin an electric field and impinging on the anode of the x-ray tube is converted into x-ray radiation
The kinetic energy is given as
   E = h c/  
this equal to qV
   qV = h c/  
   V = h c /q
   h = 6.6026x10-34 Js
  c = 3 x108 m/s
  q = 1.6x10-19 C
plug in values.


     

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