sir please solve this question. It is my assignment problem of 10 marks so pleas

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sir please solve this question. It is my assignment problem of 10 marks so please give answer like that sir i want detailed answer and all the part should answered and explain each and every part i am sending this question for the 2nd time last time i didnt get complete answer sir if u want to take time take ur time please give me best solution of it
Thankyou so mch

Part -A (10 marks) Preamble There are various type of large bridges provided on railroads around the world, which has their own set of advantages and disadvantages. Truss bridgedesign are among the oldest types of bridge design concept are adopted all around the world and regarded as state-of-the-art technology. The linked elements that are normally straight are to be designed to withstand either tensile or compressive stresses but in most of thecases both, in order to handle liveloads.Infact, these bridges have a unique ability to take compression and tension more than any other bridge design concept. In this context, debate on the following topic: "Truss bridges are most appropriate for construction of long span rail bridges" Your debate should include A.1.1. A.1.2. A.1.3. A.1.4. Description of differenttypes of Trusses used for rail roads Advantages and disadvantages of Truss Bridges Justification of stance taken Conclusion

Explanation / Answer

Of the numerous types of large bridges found on railroads around the world the most common form is probably the SIMPLE TRUSS. The basic concept behind all truss bridges is a DISTRIBUTION OF WEIGHT ACROSS A SERIES OF STEEL TRIANGULATED MEMBERS THAT ARE EITHER IN COMPRESSION OT TENSION.

ADVANTAGES :

EXTREMELY STRONG:

The structure of interconnecting triangles means that the load bearing capacity of truss bridges is huge.the structure effectively manages both compression and tension by spreading out load from the roadway throughout this intricate structure.

USES MATERIALS EFFECTIVELY:

While truss bridges has many linked parts to make up its structure its use of material is extremely effective.materials such as wood,iron,steel are used to highest potential.Building of larger truss is very economical when compared to other bridge design.

WITHSTAND EXTREME CONDITIONS:

While other bridges such as beam and arch bridges may not be a viable option truss bridges come into their own.they are able to span great lengths and often used in a precarious locations.

ROADWAY BUILT ON TO THE STRUCTURE:

Unlike other bridge design the truss bridge is able to carry its roadway on its structure.the load can be carried above,along the middle,or on a bottom truss which sits below major truss structure.

DISADVANTAGES:

REQUIRES A LOT OF SPACE:

The structure of a truss bridge is large by design.the interconnecting triangular components need to be large in order to bear and distribute heavy loads.

HIGH MAINTENANCE COSTS:

It uses a lot of parts each of these are relatively light and used effectively within the design.however the maintenance costs of so many parts can be expensive.truss requires a regular and detailed maintanence.so many parts to look after can mean that this is expensive.

THEY ARE HEAVY:

Because it is large and uses lot of materials they are heavy.depending upon landscape supporting the bridge some reinforcement may be necessary to cope up with weight.

HOW GOOD IS YOUR ENGINEER:

since it is a complex structure every piece needs to be fit and perform perfectly its function anything less will mean that bridge simply does not hold the load.

TYPES OF TRUSS BRIDGES:

ALLAN TRUSS-It is based on howe truss

BOLLMAN TRUSS-The design employs wrought iron tension members and cast iron compression members.

BAILEY TRUSS-Designed for military uses.

HOWE TRUSS-It includes vertical member and diagonals that slope up towards center

LONG TRUSS-Combination of wood and metal

PARKER TRUSS

PRATT TRUSS-opposite of howe truss.

PEGRAM TRUSS- A hybrid between warren and parker

WARREN TRUSS Formed by alternate inverted equilateral triangle along its length.

CONCLUSION:

Truss bridges are most appropriate for long span rail roads since it uses the material effectively,withstand heavy loads,economical etc.The only thing is the design it has to be perfect to perform the load. generally the chord members resist all the bending moment in form of tension and compression members carry the shear force. due to their efficiency truss bridges are built over a wide range of spans.

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