John is a 38-year-old archeologist whose job requires some walking and hiking wh

Question

John is a 38-year-old archeologist whose job requires some walking and hiking when he is collecting data in the field. However, much of his time is spent analyzing artifacts in the laboratory and writing research reports in his office. He is thinking about joining the employee fitness program at work, and therefore contacted you to evaluate his health risk and aerobic fitness level. His last medical examination was 3 months ago. You gave him a GXT using a Bodyguard cycle ergometer and collected the following data: Client: 38-year-old male Resting BP: 131/92 mmHg Resting HR: 71 bpm Total cholesterol: 210 mg · dl-1 Height: 5 ft 10 in. (177.8 cm) HDL-cholesterol: 30 mg · dl-1 Body weight: 180.8 lb (82 kg) Smoking history: 1 pack per day Activity interests: cycling Physical activity: job-related walking/hiking GXT Data Stage Min Work rate (kgm · min-1) HR BP RPE 1 1 180 110 2 180 115 3 180 119 168/92 7 2 4 360 130 5 360 136 6 360 138 180/90 13 3 7 540 151 8 540 158 9 540 163 215/88 16

12. What lifestyle changes do you recommend for this client?

Explanation / Answer

12).

From the given data, we can observe that John's total cholesterol levels are very high (> 190 mg) and HDL cholesterol levels are low (< 40 mg). His smoking habit also contributes to the decrease in HDL levels. Smokers with high cholesterol level are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

The following lifestyle modifications are recommended for John:

1). Must avoid the junk foods and all the foods that are rich in saturated and trans fats.

2). Foods rich in omega-3 fats need to be consumed to increase the HDL levels and decrease the triglyceride levels

3). Need to eat foods rich in fiber and nutrients.

4). Regular aerobic exercise

5). Cessation of smoking

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