Compare and contrast ATP and ADP-What happens during the process of photosynthes

Question

Compare and contrast ATP and ADP-What happens during the process of photosynthesis^What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis Define: Stroma Thylakoids Light Dependent Reactions Light independent Reactions Chloroplast What are pigments? What are the reactants in photosynthesis? What are the products in photosynthesis. Describe what occurs during the light dependent reactions. Where does it take place? Describe what occurs during the light independent reactions. Where does it take place? 10. Why would a plant grow better in red light than in green light?

Explanation / Answer

1. ATP-has all 3 phosphate groups, fully charged, removes a phosphate group to release energy from ADP.

ADP-has 2 phosphate groups, partially charged, adds a phosphate group to make ATP.

2.during photosynthesis light energy is converted into chemical energy. ie plants use energy from sunlight to produce glucose from CO2 and H2O. ATP (cellular respiration) and O2 is also formed.

3. 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2

4. a.Stroma- is colorless semiliquid material inside chloroplast in which thylakoid membranes are embedded. here dark reactions of photosynthesis take place

b.Thylakoid- membrane bound compartment in chloroplast and cyanobacteria. here light dependent reactions take place.

c.light dependent reactions -are reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy. Light energy is captured by chlorophyll pigment and converted into chemical energy such as ATP and NADPH.

d. light independent reactions- are reactions in photosynthesis that converts CO2 into glucose

e.chloroplast- is a plastid in green plant cells which contains chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place

5. Photosynthetic pigments- are present in chloroplast that captures light energy necessary for photosynthesis ie-accessory pigment, chloroplast pigment, antenna pigment.

6. reactants of photosynthesis- H2O, light , CO2

7. products of photosynthesis- oxygen, sugar (glucose)

8. light dependent reactions - chloroplast traps light energy and converts to chemical energy ie. NADPH and ATP. here photolysis of water molecules gives electrons used in the electron transport chain to produce chemical energy. NADPH and ATP are further used in light independent reactions. this reaction takes place in thylakoid.

9.light independent reactions - is a chemical reaction which converts CO2 into glucose. this occurs by Calvin cycle -here NADPH provides hydrogen to form glucose and ATP provides energy. (3phases- carbon fixation, reduction, and RuBP regeneration) also called as dark reaction which takes place in stroma.

10. plants are green in color because leaves absorb all color during photosynthesis except green. this is why red, blue light is better for plants ie absorbed by its chlorophyll for growth

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