Control of the onset of puberty, cyclicity and aging Select a COMMON homeostatic
ID: 178585 • Letter: C
Question
Control of the onset of puberty, cyclicity and aging Select a COMMON homeostatic event and / or physiological system involving the regulation of the onset of puberty, cyclicity AND aging as your structure, in which you can show the importance of structure / function relationship, levels of organization, and feedback control. a) Name the structure and the function on which your overall answer will be based? Be as specific as you can in delimiting the boundaries of your example (the most important part of your answer, since the following b, c, & d sub-questions are based on your answer to this first sub-question, a). Please notice that only 1 item is required (in your answer it should be labeled as “a”). This answer should look like: “a.- My structure (S) is …. and its function (F) is …”. In same cases a second sentence might be needed. b) Why do you think that your structure and your function are related? Support your contention based on 3 lines of evidence based on the chemistry, physics, anatomy, or physiology involved in your example. Please notice that 3 items are required (answers should be labeled as “b1, b2, and b3”). One of these answers might look like: “b1.- If I do this experiment and measure this variable using this technique, this result will suggest that my S/F is correct”. Please notice that MY question does not ask you to tell me what happens, since this can be copy from any source, but it asked how do you know that your S/F relationship is true. c) Which are the levels of organization involved in your example (c1)? Cite events occurring at its main level of organization (c2) and indicate how they relate to the whole body level (c3). Please notice that 3 items are required (thus, answers should be labeled as “c1, c2, and c3”). These answers should look as follows: “c1.- molecular” or any level of organization involved in your “a” answer (S/F); “c2.- the first event is …; the next even is …; the middle event is …; the next event is …; the last event is …”. Five events distributed equidistant from each other is a good summary for the story line of the S/F named in your “a” answer. Finally, “c3.- at a whole individual level my S/F described in “a” has this role”. d) Which are the main feedback mechanisms involved in your example (cite at least two) (d1)? Expand on one of them (d2) and name 2 absolute requirment for that feedback to work (d3). Please notice that 3 items are required (answers should be labeled as “d1, d2, and d3”). These answers should look as follows: “d1.- an increase in this negative feedback ligand must decrease this variable under control”. This is how you NAME a negative feedback. For d1 you need to name two negative feedbacks; “d2.- the first event is …; the next even is …; the middle event is …; the next event is …; the last event is …”. Five events distributed equidistant from each other is a good summary for the most important negative feedback story line, involved as a control of the your S/F named in your “a” answer, that you named in d1; “d3.- these two components are absolutely necessary for the negative feedback, described in d2, to be operational.
Explanation / Answer
a. My structure (S) is Estrous cycle and its function (F) is maintenance of reproducibility or reproductive cycle in non-primate vertebrates.
b. In Estrous cycle, progesterone and estradiol hormone progressively increase and decrease in the animal's body. There increase and decrease can be easily monitored in the four phases of estrous cycle. This cycle starts from puberty and continues in the animal's body until reproductive success is lost as a result of ageing. So, it can be said that structure (estrous cycle) is related to function (maintenance of reproducibility).
If estrous cycle is not there in a non-primate female due to genetic or hormonal loss, then that animal will not have reproducibility.
c. There are four levels of organization along with estrous cycle works:
.1. Pro-estrous: At the onset of puberty -----> progesterone declines------>a follicle undergoes its final growth-------> estradiol hormone increases.
2. Estrus: Ovulation occurs. Phases 1 and 2 are known as follicular phase in combination.
Phases 3 and 4 are known as luteal phase.
3. Met-estrus: Progesterone level starts increasing from corpus luteum.
4. Di-estrus: Uterine lining begins to reappear.
d. .
d1. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone. This has negative feedback on GnRH
d2. Estrogen has negative feedback effect in presence of progesterone.
d3. Estradiol has negative feedback effect when progesterone is present.
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