Know how p53 is activated during the cell cycle and what two outcomes are possib
ID: 179078 • Letter: K
Question
Know how p53 is activated during the cell cycle and what two outcomes are possible – know the signaling pathways (you do not have to know how PUMA induces apoptosis, just that it does)
Im not sure i understand this...Please explain this in bulleted steps, including the pathways and what will happen in the 2 different outcomes.
Here is a picture from the powerpoint for reference.
Figure 19-40 Damaged DNA Activates ATM or ATR Activates Checkpoint kinases ADP ATP Mdm2 p53 p53 Degradation OP PD p53 p53 p21 (Cdk inhibitor) Puma inhibits Inhibits Bcl-2 Cdk-cyclin Cannot phosphorylate Cannot inhibit Rb protein apoptosis CELL CYCLE APOPTOSIS ARREST (cell death) 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Explanation / Answer
Answer : P53 is a nuclear phosphoprotein whose mutation is associated with most of the cancers. As such, p53 has been described as "The guardian of the genome” because of its role in conserving stability by preventing genome mutation. There are two mechanisms involved in p53 functionsuch as P53 either prevents the entry of cells from G1 to S phase of cell cycle or it can drive the cells towards apoptosis.
In the other pathway, p53 drives the cells towards apoptosis by promoting the synthesis of bax proteins which are pro apoptotic in nature when the DNA damage is beyond the repair capability of cells mechinery.
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