Virus-modified exosomes have been proposed for targeted nucleotide delivery to c
ID: 180494 • Letter: V
Question
Virus-modified exosomes have been proposed for targeted nucleotide delivery to cells as shown below: A Describe the molecular composition of virus-modified exosomes. Compare the composition to a typical eukaryotic cell membrane and describe the function of the different molecules. Describe what you deliver with this molecule and how it would function. GPCRs constitute a major class of drug targets and modulating their signaling can produce a wide range of pharmacological outcomes. With the growing number of high-resolution GPCR crystal structures, we have the unprecedented opportunity to structure based drug design techniques. Describe the structure and functionality of GPCRs and identify the commonly druggable sited the protein. Describe the types of ligands that commonly bind GPCRs. Describe techniques that are used to study drug interactions with GPCRs.Explanation / Answer
A)
4000 differnet proteins have been discovered by the highly sofiscated mass spectrometry. Heat shock proteins, which are actually involved in protein trafficking are generally found in exosomes.
B) Exosomes carry bioactive lipids, for example like phospholipases A2, C and D, and also prostaglandins that may be involved in the clearance of exosomes. For supporting the communication function, the exosomes not only have the capacity to carry a huge amount of cargo load, but can also protect the contents from degradative enzymes like RNase, trypsin, or chemical substances, due to its bi-lipid membrane.
c) It was clearly observed that the RNA carried by exosomes was taken up and then translated in the recipient cell, showing that they carry functional RNA. This findings also supports the hypothesis that exosomes can also be secreted by a specific stimulus and can be transported to the recipient cell and can also taken up, and can stimulate the recipient cell.
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