c change of a bacterium is possible by transfer of DNA by 35. The following phen

Question

c change of a bacterium is possible by transfer of DNA by 35. The following phenotypi "conjugation A) ability to produce toxin. B) Develop antibiotic resistance. C) Production of virulence factor D) All of the above statements are true 36· The following features is(are) e requirement(s) for homologous recombination to occur: A) Very similar (homologous) DNA sequences are required. B) The site of exchange can be anywhere in the homologous sequences. C) Nucleotide sequences do not alter at the site of exchange. D) Enzymes are required to cut both strands of the double helix. E) All of the above. 37. The following statements are true about insertion of mobile genetic elements: A) Takes place in all organisms. B) Recombination does not require any nucleotide sequence similarity. C) Human genome contains about 45% mobile genetic elements. D) All of the above statements are true. 38. A DNA capable of inserting into genome (transposon) typically contains A) Transposase gene B) AmpR gene C) TetR gene on into chromosome. D) Elements for integrati E) All of the above 39. Major transposons inserted into human genome includes: A) L1 element B) Alu sequence C) Both L1 and Alu 40. Hemophilia in human has been found to be associated with the following change in gene encoding factor VIll: A) insertion of L1 elements B) homologous recombination C) transformation D) None of the above

Explanation / Answer

35. Conjugation is the transfer of DNA from one bacterial cell to another either through contact or through a bridge. Since during conjugation, the part that is either plasmid or a transposon is transferred, all of the options are true.

correct answer option is d.

36. Homologous recombination is a repair mechanism used by cells to repair damaged DNA by exchanging nucleotide sequences.This is also a mechanism used for creating new species and strains within the population.

Homologous recombination therefore require very similar or homologous DNA sequence, the site can be anywhere in the sequence, the nucleotides do not alter at the site of exchange and enzymes are involved in breaking the strand.

So the correct option is that all the statements are true and so option d is correct.

37. Mobile genetic elements are so called because they are able to transfer from one species to another freely.

option b is incorrect as recombination requires nucleotide sequence similarity to certain extent.

Option c is incorrect as even though there are mobile genetic elements in humans, it is difficult to quantify.

The correct option is a .mobile genetic elemnst happen in all organisms.

38. A transposon is a sequence of DNA that can change position within a genome resulting in a new,or altered, or reversed mutations which eventually alters the identity or the size of the genome. The components of a transposon would include a transposase gene, extra genes that would provide resistance to antibiotics and so it could be AmpR as well as TetR genes, as well as elements that can integrate the transposon into the chromosome effectively.

Therefore the corect answer option is D. all of the above

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