Model 2 - Color Variations in Moths in Great Britain Peppered Moth Frequency a 6
ID: 184841 • Letter: M
Question
Model 2 - Color Variations in Moths in Great Britain Peppered Moth Frequency a 60 900 Years Which moth color was more prevalent before 1850? a. 6. Which color was more prevalent between 1900 and 1950 9. Describe the change in the percentage of light-colored moths and dark-colored moths between 1850 and 1900. 10. Describe the change in the percentage of light-colored moths and dark-colored moths berween 1950 and 2000. 11. During the Industrial Revolution through the mid-20th century, factories and power plants which burned coal, produced large quantities of soot and smog Near industrialized areas, black powder covered surfaces, including the moth habitat. a. Which color moth would have a better chance of surviving predation (better camoflage to hide from predators) on this dark surface b. How does this help explain the change in the colors of the moth population shown in Model 22 12. Clean Air Acts were passed by governments of industrialized nations beginning in the mid- 1950s. Use this information to explain why the color of the moth population shifted again. F, Genotype F, Genotype_Explanation / Answer
8. a) Before 1850, light moths were prevalent (the % of moths was approx 100); check the y axis coordinate that corresponds to the mentioned year i.e 1850
b) between 1900-1950, dark moths were prevalent
9) between 1850-1900, the light moths decreased while the dark ones increased in percentage
10) the opposite was seen during 1950-2000
11. a) the dark colored moths have an advantage with the soot covered habitats as it is difficult to spot the black moths on the black surfaces.
b) As the environment changed i.e. the surface habitats are covered with soot they turn black. In this change the black moths are safer than white as light colored or white moths are vividly visible on dark surfaces. This shifts the equilibrium of the evolution towards the black moths, this leads to a decrease in % of the light colored moths while increasing the % of the dark colored moths. this is based on natural selection acting on the two populations; survival of the fittest
12. As the air got cleaner, there was less soot deposited over the surfaces of the habitats of the moth which made the color of these surfaces light. in these light surfaces the light colored moths were more fit i.e.survived more as they were not distinctively visible over same colored surface. This led to the shift in the evolution again, as now the light colored moths were more fit and the dark colored were preyed on more easily by the predator- the dark decreased while the light increased.
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