1 . [18 PTS] WAVE PARTICLE DUALITY OF LIGHT AND MATTER During this unit, we have
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1 . [18 PTS] WAVE PARTICLE DUALITY OF LIGHT AND MATTER During this unit, we have read about, discussed, or observed the results of several experiments (or simulations) that were fundamental to the development of the idea of wave/particle duality. For each of the following ideas, name an experiment that provides evidence for the idea and tell what aspect of the experiment, specifically, provides that evidence Wave-like nature of light: Particle-like nature of light: Wave-like nature of matter: Particle-like nature of matter:Explanation / Answer
(i) Wave nature of light
Experiment: Young's double slit experiment
When light from coherent source is passed through double slit, interference patterns (alternate dark and bright bands) appear on the screen, as a result of superposition of light waves. Interference, as a result of superposition, is the property of waves. This gives the proof for wave nature of light.
(ii) Particle nature of light
?Experiment: Photoelectric effect
??When light of particular frequency( particular energy hv)? hits a metal surface electrons are ejected. But light of insufficient energy or frequency cannot cause electron ejection.This gave proof for the quantum nature of light. Light consists of packets of energy called photons. When a photon of sufficient energy hits metal surface eelectrons are ejected. This gives proof for particle nature of light.
(iii) Wave nature of matter
??Experiment: Davisson Germer experiment
?This experiment showed that the electrons that are scattered by surface of nickel crystal, displayed a diffraction pattern, which is a property of waves. This is in accordance with De-Broglie's hypothesis that there are waves assosciated with matter(De-Broglie waves or matter waves). This is a proof for wave nature of matter.
(iv) Particle like nature of matter
??The particle theory describes that all matter is composed of tiny particles. Atoms, electrons etc. all are particles. Phenomena such as diffusion, shows particle nature of matter. Matter is made of particles. There are lots of empty spaces between these particles. All matter is made up of atoms and atoms are made up of its sub- particles. Quarks, electrons, neutrino etc all are particles.
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