non-steady-stat For each of the following problems, would you use a steady-state
ID: 1866960 • Letter: N
Question
non-steady-stat For each of the following problems, would you use a steady-state or balance to obtain a solution? For each situation, also indicate whether the compound for which you would conduct a mass balance is conservative or non-conservative. Give an explanation for each of your answers. (You do NOT need to numerically solve these problems. Just explain your choice) mass 3) An accident has resulted in the release of a pollutant inside a chemical manufacturing plant. The spill released the pollutant into a lake near the chemical plant, which has a small stream flowing through it. How long would it take the pollutant, which is inert, to reach a safe level in the lake and in the stream leaving the lake? a) b) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel burning are mixed throughout the atmosphere. Assume that these emissions are mixed immediately throughout the entire atmosphere, and that does not degrade chemically If you know the total emission rate of carbon dioxide and the volume of the atmosphere, what would be the rate of increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in ppm/yr? An air freshener emits perfume into a room at a constant rate. The perfume is mixed throughout the room and diluted by the room ventilation flow, which is on continually What is the resulting concentration of perfume in the room? (Note that the 1-order decay rate constant of the perfume is very slow relative to the amount of time it takes to mix fresh air through the room.) c)Explanation / Answer
A)One of the major sources for pollution accidents is the chemical industry which needs high level of risk management.
The severity of pollution depends upon the sensititvity of released chemicals
The newly developed approach by analysing and stimulating the pollution accident between sources and receptors can applied to identlfy risk sources especially on the nation wide scale.
The clean water act set the standard for water quality based on 3 key components
This act allows the quality of water for industrial purpose to be degraded.
B) The steps involved in calculating the CO2 emission from the buring of fossil fuels are
Emission factor (CO2) = {Default carbon content * Oxidation factor * default net calorific value * carbon molecule mass ratio * fuel density
The conversion of final value CO2 kg / litre can be obtained by dividing it with 1000
C) The perfume takes few minutes to spread across a room. The discrepency is large between prediction of few years and few minutes. The perfume molecules would have no way to get across the room except by diffusion. There are always air currents due to wind, fans etc;
Although those currents are weak they are more efficient at transporting the perfume molecules than diffusing it.
L2/ D = t
Where, t= Time taken
L - room size
D- Diffusion constant
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