10. What are the three types of solutions in reference to tonicity? What are eac

Question

10. What are the three types of solutions in reference to tonicity? What are each of their effects on a cell? 11. If you place a cell with a o.21 M of Na+ in a solution of 0.12 M of Na+ (which is impermeable to the cell membrane), what will happen to the cell? Explain why this occurs. Be sure to draw an illustration of this process and label the solute and water concentrations on both sides of the cell. 12. If you place a cell with a 0.88 M of Glucose in a solution of 0.37 M of Glucose (which is impermeable to the cell membrane), what will happen to the cell? Explain why this occurs. Be sure to draw an illustration of this process and label the solute and water concentrations on both sides of the cell. ah our mouth and place them

Explanation / Answer

10) Tonicity represents the effective osmotic pressure gradient, as defined by the water potential of two solutions separated by a semi-permeable membrane. It is the relative concentration of solutes which determines the direction and extent of diffusion.

There are three types of tonicity: hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic.

a) Hypertonic- In this type of solution, the concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it. In this solution, it has a greater concentration of solutes than the cytosol inside the cell. When a cell is immersed in a hypertonic solution, the osmotic pressure forces water to flow out of the cell and gets shrinked.

b) Hypotonic – In this type of solution, the concentration of solutes is greater inside the cell than outside of it. In this solution, it has a lower concentration of solutes relative to the cytosol. Water diffuses into the cell and the cell gets bloated.

c) Isotonic- In this type of solution, the concentration of solutes is the same both inside and outside of the cell. In this solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell. In this case, the cell neither swells nor shrinks. Water molecules freely diffuse through the plasma membrane.­

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