xercise 2: Pre-laboratory Exercise Name: Not that follow! Hand in this assignmen
ID: 189030 • Letter: X
Question
xercise 2: Pre-laboratory Exercise Name: Not that follow! Hand in this assignment and last week's report just before the start of your scheduled lab period. Define the following terms. Atom Molecule Proton Acid Solute Hydrogen ion Atomic number TA: e: Do the prelab reading at the beginning of this lab handout before attempting to answer the questions Section:- pH scale ion compound ionic bond base hydroxide ion (OH-) balance equation mass number Solvent element covalent bond nucleus reactant product solution
Explanation / Answer
Atom--It is the smallest part of an element which cannot be divided further. It consists of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The electrons having negative charge are present in the outer orbitals.
Molecule--It is made up of two or more atoms which are joined together with the help of chemical bonds.
Proton--It is a positively charged particle present in the nucleus of the atom.
Acid--It is chemical solution with low pH( power of hydrogen ion) concentration. The solution has a high concentration of the hydrogen ions in the solution.
Atomic number--It is equal to the number of electrons in the atomic shell or the number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom.
pH-- it is the power of the hydrogen ion concentration in the cell. Its value ranges from 0-14.
ion-- it is the state of the atom in which an atom either gains an electron in the outer most shell or looses an electron in the outer shell of the electrons. The ion formed after loosing an electron is called as a cation and the ion formed after gaining an electron is called as a anion.
compound-- It is a chemical made after the combination of various ions or atoms joined together by various types of bonds like ionic or coavlent bonds.
ionic bond--It is formed by the transfer of electrons in the outermost shell of the atoms where one atom donates the electron and another atoms receives the electrons in the outermost shell of the electrons.
base--It consists of solutions with high pH value. This is due to the high concentration of the hydroxide ions in the solution. It attracts a hydrogen atom to form the product.
hydroxide ion--It is characterized as OH-. It raises the pH of the solution above 7. The solution at pH=7 is said to be neutral.
balance equation--It is written with the calculation of the stoichiometry and charges present on the cations and anions to balance the concentration of the molecules of substrates to form to the products.
mass number--It is equal to the total number of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
solvent--It is the liquid component of the solution which contains the solid component . The solid component is called as the solute.
element-- It is made up of atoms. These atoms have the same number of protons in the atomic nuclei.
covalemt bond--It is formed by the sharing of the electrons in the outermost electronic shell of the atoms for example the carbon dioxide and water molecule.
nucleus--It is dense mass of the material present in the atom. It contains the positively charged protons and the neutral neutrons in the nucleus. it forms the mass of the atom.
reactant--it is the substrate molecule which reacts with each other to form the products.
products--these are the final end products of the reaction. They are formed by the reaction of the substrates with each other in the presence of catalysts at particular temperature and pressure.
solution--It is made up of the solid solute and the liquid component called as the solvent.
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